Table 1.
Demographic and pre-treatment characteristics between those reporting a sponsor or not at baseline or any follow-up time point (N = 302).
| Sponsor (n = 208) | No sponsor (n = 94) | t/χ2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age | 20.3 ±1.6 | 20.4 ± 1.6 | −0.18 | 0.857 |
| Male | 151 (72.6) | 72 (76.6) | 0.54 | 0.464 |
| White | 199 (95.7) | 87 (92.6) | 1.26 | 0.262 |
| At least some college | 90 (43.5) | 30 (31.9) | 3.61 | 0.058 |
| Clinical | ||||
| Prior year arrest | 97 (72.4) | 44 (72.1) | 0.00 | 0.970 |
| Prior year SUD hospitalization | 59 (28.4) | 21 (22.3) | 1.21 | 0.272 |
| Percent days abstinent | 24.1 ±28.7 | 23.7 ±27.1 | −0.11 | 0.909 |
| Substance use consequences | 67.7 24.2 | 60.7 25.1 | −2.29 | 0.023 |
| Dependence severity | 18.8 ±8.3 | 16.3 ±8.0 | −2.39 | 0.017 |
| Commitment to sobriety | 24.6 ±4.8 | 22.7 ±6.0 | −2.80 | 0.006 |
| Self-efficacy | 7.0 ±2.4 | 6.8 ± 2.9 | −0.83 | 0.408 |
| Psychotropic medication use | 105 (50.5) | 36 (38.3) | 3.86 | 0.049 |
| Other psychiatric medication | 104 (50.0) | 34 (36.2) | 4.99 | 0.026 |
| Addiction medication | 5 (2.4) | 3 (3.2) | 0.16 | 0.693 |
| Psychiatric symptoms | 63.9 ±10.1 | 61.9 ± 10.0 | -1.59 | 0.114 |
| 1+ comorbid psychiatric disorder | 95 (45.7) | 46 (48.9) | 0.28 | 0.599 |
| 12-step attendance (% days attending) | 11.4 ±23.4 | 2.0 ± 6.3 | −5.37 | < 0.001 |
| 12-step involvement | 1.4±1.7 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | −5.08 | < 0.001 |
| Sponsor contact | 38(18.3) | – | – | – |
| Substance use disorders (lifetime) | ||||
| Alcohol | 158 (76.3) | 69 (74.2) | 0.16 | 0.690 |
| Cannabis | 158 (76.3) | 69 (74.2) | 0.16 | 0.690 |
| Cocaine | 92 (44.4) | 47 (50.5) | 0.96 | 0.328 |
| Anxiolytic | 38 (18.4) | 8 (8.6) | 4.70 | 0.030 |
| Amphetamine | 44 (21.3) | 23 (24.7) | 0.45 | 0.504 |
| Hallucinogen | 13 (14.0) | 33 (15.9) | 0.19 | 0.662 |
| Polysubstance dependence | 33 (15.9) | 5 (5.4) | 6.48 | 0.011 |