Table 3.
Multivariable-Adjusted Incremental Change of Total Health Care Costs after Hip Fracture with Change of Predictor Variable Level Compared to Reference Category
| Predictor | Change of Total Health Care Costs (95% CI)a,b
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Model 1 (n = 738) | Model 2c (n = 565) | |
| Total health care costs before hip fracture | ||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | $937 (−3,328 to 5,203) | $351 (−3,921 to 4,625) |
| Quintile 3 | −$298 (−5,039 to 4,442) | −$1,011 (−5,849 to 3,826) |
| Quintile 4 | $4,803 (−770 to 10,377) | $3,468 (−2,218 to 9,153) |
| Quintile 5 | $8,234 (1,938 to 1,530) | $8,964 (1,922 to 16,006) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| None | Reference | Reference |
| 1 or 2 | $848 (−4,268 to 5,964) | $1,523 (−3,440 to 6,486) |
| 3 or 4 | $2,262 (−3,497 to 8,022) | $2,920 (−2,608 to 8,449) |
| 5 or 6 | $7,859 (769 to 14,949) | $10,210 (2,667 to 17,752) |
| 7 or more | $7,936 (346 to 15,526) | $13,763 (5,311 to 22,214) |
| Walk speed, m/s | ||
| ≥1.0 | Reference | Reference |
| 0.8 to 0.99 | $3,891 (−1057 to 8839) | $2,902 (−1921 to 7724) |
| 0.6 to 0.79 | $5,142 (104 to 10,180) | $5,637 (482 to 10,792) |
| <0.6 | $5,256 (156 to 10,356) | $7,523 (1,809 to 13,236) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||
| <20 | $75 (−5,149 to 5,300) | −$1,473 (−7,107 to 4,160) |
| 20 to 24.9 | Reference | Reference |
| 25 to 29.9 | $2,003 (−2,237 to 6,242) | $751 (−3,533 to 5,034) |
| ≥30 | $9,601 (3,134 to 16,069) | $7,233 (506 to 13,959) |
a
Adjusted for study enrollment site, year of hip fracture, size of hospital in which hip fracture was treated, and primary care providers per 10,000 inhabitants in county of residence at the time of hip fracture
b
Model predicted costs for reference level, and incremental costs for other levels compared to reference level; statistically significant values at p-value <0.05 are in bold
c
Model 2 restricted to those who survived at least 12 months post hip fracture