Table 1. Reported clinical outcomes of radiofrequency ablation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Authors	Country	Study period	Year	N	Size (cm)	Indication	Approach	Mortality (%)	Technical success rate (%)	Technical effectiveness (%)	Major complication (%)	Survival (%)
												1-year	3-year	5-year
Chiou et al.	Taiwan	2002–2004	2005	10	1.9–6.8	Unresectable ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	ND	80.0	0	ND	–	–
Carrafiello et al.	Italy	2004–2008	2010	6	1.0–5.8	Unresectable ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	ND	66.0	0	ND	–	–
Kamphues et al.	Germany	2002–2008	2010	13	ND	Recurrent ICC	Stereotactic RFA	0	ND	ND	ND	92	52	–
Kim et al.	Korea	2000–2009	2011	13	0.8–8.0	Unresectable ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	88.0	88.0	8.0	85	51	15
Giorgio et al.	Italy	2003–2010	2011	10	2.4–5.5	Unresectable ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	ND	ND	0	100	83	83
Kim et al.	Korea	1999–2009	2011	20	0.7–4.4	Recurrent ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	ND	95.0	10.0	70	21	–
Yu et al.	China	2006–2010	2011	15	1.3–9.9	Unresectable ICC	Percutaneous microwave	0	91.7	87.5	13.0	60	–	–
Xu et al.	China	1998–2010	2012	18	1.4–6.9	Unresectable ICC/recurrent ICC	Percutaneous RFA/microwave	0	92.0	92.0	5.0	36	30	30
Fu et al.	China	2000–2010	2012	17	2.1–6.8	Unresectable ICC/recurrent ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	96.2	96.2	6.0	85	43	29
Haidu et al.	Austria	2004–2010	2012	11	2.0–10.0	Unresectable ICC/recurrent ICC	Stereotactic RFA	0	100.0	92.0	27.0	91	71	–
Zhang et al.	China	2007–2011	2013	77	ND	Recurrent ICC	Percutaneous RFA/microwave	0	100.0	94.7	3.9	70	21	–
Butros et al.	USA	1998–2011	2014	7	1.3–3.3	Unresectable ICC/recurrent ICC	Percutaneous RFA	0	100.0	89.0	0	100	60	20

ICC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; ND, no data.