Table 1.
Resistance to conventional and targeted therapies involving AXL and MER
| Resistance setting | Therapy | Cancer type | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| AXL-mediated resistance to targeted therapies | HER2 inhibition | Breast | [35, 58••] |
| RAF inhibition | Melanoma | [84, 121–123, 124] | |
| MEK inhibition | Breast, melanoma | [63•] | |
| EGFR inhibition | NSCLC | [60, 82•, 115, 125] | |
| EGFR inhibition | HNSCC | [28] | |
| Sunitinib | Renal | [117] | |
| Imatinib | CML | [15] | |
| Imatinib | GIST | [39] | |
| ALK inhibition | Neuroblastoma | [126, 127] | |
| VEGFR inhibition | Diverse | [115, 128] | |
| PI3K/AKT inhibition | Diverse | [61••, 129] | |
| FTL-3 inhibition | AML | [130] | |
| AXL-mediated resistance to conventional therapies | AML | [36, 43] | |
| CML | [131] | ||
| Breast | [88, 131] | ||
| Esophageal | [132] | ||
| Lung | [133] | ||
| Ovarian | [134] | ||
| Colon | [135] | ||
| MER-mediated resistance to conventional therapies | B-ALL, T-ALL | [136, 137] | |
| Glioma | [68] | ||
| Lung | [133, 138] | ||
| AXL/MER-mediated resistance to immune checkpoint therapies | Breast | [97•, 98•] | |
| Colon | [99•] | ||