Table 2. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of type 2 diabetes associated with different levels of plasma lipid measures.
| Variables | Tertiles of lipid measures | P for trend* | R2 | Per 1 SD increment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||||
| HDL-C | ||||||
| Cases/controls | 294/191 | 195/190 | 82/190 | |||
| Model 1† | 1.00 | 0.67 (0.49-0.90) | 0.27 (0.18-0.39) | <0.001 | 10% | 0.52 (0.44-0.62) |
| Model 2‡ | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.51-0.98) | 0.30 (0.20-0.44) | <0.001 | 14% | 0.55 (0.46-0.66) |
| Model 3§ | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.58-1.15) | 0.47 (0.31-0.73) | 0.001 | 18% | 0.68 (0.56-0.82) |
| LDL-C | ||||||
| Cases/controls | 187/189 | 182/187 | 167/186 | |||
| Model 1† | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.76-1.47) | 0.89 (0.60-1.30) | 0.62 | 6% | 1.03 (0.90-1.18) |
| Model 2‡ | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.75-1.52) | 0.87 (0.61-1.24) | 0.43 | 11% | 1.04 (0.91-1.20) |
| Model 3§ | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.70-1.52) | 0.88 (0.60-1.29) | 0.51 | 17% | 1.08 (0.93-1.26) |
| TG | ||||||
| Cases/controls | 81/194 | 158/187 | 332/190 | |||
| Model 1† | 1.00 | 2.23 (1.52-3.28) | 5.29 (3.56-7.88) | <0.001 | 13% | 2.09 (1.71-2.55) |
| Model 2‡ | 1.00 | 2.15 (1.42-3.24) | 5.21 (3.42-7.94) | <0.001 | 17% | 2.01 (1.65-2.46) |
| Model 3§ | 1.00 | 1.61 (1.04-2.50) | 3.59 (2.30-5.61) | <0.001 | 20% | 1.70 (1.39-2.09) |
| TG/HDL-C ratio | ||||||
| Cases/controls | 69/191 | 171/190 | 331/190 | |||
| Model 1† | 1.00 | 2.51 (1.70-3.72) | 5.35 (3.57-8.01) | <0.001 | 13% | 2.22 (1.79-2.77) |
| Model 2‡ | 1.00 | 2.42 (1.59-3.66) | 5.14 (3.36-7.89) | <0.001 | 17% | 2.14 (1.71-2.68) |
| Model 3§ | 1.00 | 1.87 (1.21-2.89) | 3.31 (2.09-5.23) | <0.001 | 19% | 1.72 (1.37-2.17) |
Abbreviations: R2, the coefficient of determination; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TG/HDL-C ratio, the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Linear trend was tested using the median level of each tertile of blood lipid profile.
Model 1: adjusted for age at blood taken (continuous), smoking (never, past, current smoker), alcohol intake (never, weekly or daily), weekly activity (<0.5, 0.5-3 hours/week, and ≥4 hours/week), education level (no, primary school, secondary or above), history of hypertension (yes, no), and fasting status (yes, no);
Model 2: Model 1 plus adjusted for body mass index (continuous);
Model 3: Model 2 plus adjusted for plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (mmol/L) and adiponectin (μg/mL) (both in tertiles).