Table 1.
Demographics and study outcomes at baseline.
| Motor | Non-Motor | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Cognitive | Cognitive | Cognitive | Non-Cognitive | ||||||
| Kind of Treatment | MT | MixT | CT | AC | M/noM | C/noC | |||
| N = 119 | N = 121 | N = 118 | N = 123 | χ2 F | p | χ2 F | p | ||
| Sex f(m) | 82(37) | 87(34) | 65(53) | 80(43) | 5.575 | 0.018 | 0.593 | 0.441 | |
| Domain | Variable | m(sd) | m(sd) | m(sd) | m(sd) | ||||
| Demographic | Age (years) | 75.5(8.5) | 74.5(7.9) | 74.1(7.2) | 76(8.8) | 0.002 | 0.969 | 0.428 | 0.513 |
| Education (years) | 9.7(4.3) | 10.2(4.8) | 9.9(4.2) | 10(4.2) | 0.000 | 0.991 | 0.653 | 0.419 | |
| Mobility | FES-I | 30(10.2) | 32(9.3) | 29.9(9.7) | 31.3(11) | 0.145 | 0.703 | 0.102 | 0.749 |
| POMA B | 11.9(3.4) | 11.1(3.5) | 11.5(3.3) | 11.3(3.5) | 0.116 | 0.734 | 1.076 | 0.300 | |
| POMA G | 8.7(2.6) | 8.1(2.8) | 8.2(2.6) | 8.2(2.9) | 0.390 | 0.533 | 1.479 | 0.224 | |
| Cognitive | TMT B-A | 117.7(72.2) | 135.4(76.1) | 119.5(68.3) | 117(65.5) | 1.699 | 0.193 | 2.502 | 0.114 |
| PF | 25.7(12.4) | 24.8(12.3) | 24.4(12.6) | 25.2(10.8) | 0.185 | 0.667 | 0.560 | 0.445 | |
| RAVLT d | 6.3(3.8) | 5.7(3.5) | 5.8(3.7) | 5.9(3.5) | 0.206 | 0.650 | 1.106 | 0.293 | |
| ROCF d | 10.1(7.4) | 8.2(6.7) | 9.9(7.2) | 7.9(6.5) | 0.195 | 0.659 | 0.002 | 0.963 | |
| Behavioral | GDS | 5.2(3) | 5.6(3.4) | 5(3) | 5.8(3.2) | 0.005 | 0.946 | 0.344 | 0.558 |
| STAI-Y s | 36.4(10.1) | 37.1(10.7) | 36.4(10.2) | 36.4(10.1) | 0.146 | 0.702 | 0.176 | 0.675 | |
| STAI-Y t | 39.6(9.9) | 39.7(9.9) | 38.8(9.9) | 39(9.6) | 0.678 | 0.411 | 0.002 | 0.964 | |
| Functional | BI | 86(19.9) | 84.6(20.7) | 86.6(19.7) | 86.1(18) | 0.328 | 0.567 | 0.061 | 0.804 |
| IADL | 6.3(2.3) | 6.2(2.4) | 6.2(2.2) | 5.9(2.5) | 0.755 | 0.385 | 0.197 | 0.657 | |
Abbreviations: MT: motor training; MixT: mixed training; CT: cognitive training; AC: active control; M: motor; noM: non-motor; C: cognitive; noC: non-cognitive; f(m): female(male); m(sd): mean (standard deviation); POMA B/G: Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment of balance/gait; FES-I: Falls Efficacy Scale-International; RAVLT d: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, delayed recall; ROCF d: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, delayed recall; TMT B-A: Trail Making Test B-A; PF: Phonological Fluency test; STAI-Y s/t: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; BI: Barthel Index; IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. χ2: Pearson chi square; F: F-ratio of the analysis of variance; p: p-value.