Table 1.
Post-translational modifications of Mcm10.
| Modification | Role | Species/System | Region/Residue(s) | Enzyme | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ubiquitination | Target for proteasome dependent degradation | Human Mcm10 (HeLa, U2OS) in vivo |
440–525 783–803 843–875 (regions that can mediate degradation) |
Cul4-DDB1-VprBP | [93,95,97,98] |
| Ubiquitination | Functional regulation during S-phase | Yeast Mcm10 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
K85, K122, K319, K372, K414, K436 | Not identified | [67,100] |
| Phosphorylation | Unknown function | Human Mcm10 (HeLa) | T85, S93, S150, S155, A182, S203, S204, A210, S212, T217, R286, T296, S488, S548, S555, S559, S577, S593, Y641, S644, T663, S706, S824 (* only sites identified in more than 2 datasets are listed) |
Not identified, except T85 which is ATR or ATM dependent. | [93,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112] |
| Phosphorylation | Replisome stability | Xenopus extract | S154, S173, S206, S596, S630, S690, S693 | S-CDK | [113] |
| Acetylation | Protein stability and DNA binding | Human Mcm10 | K267, K312 *, K318, K390 *, K657, K664, K668, K674 *, K681 *, K682 *, K683 *, K685 *, K737 *, K739 *, K745 *, K761 *, K768 *, K783, K847 *, K849 *, K853, K868, K874 | p300 (acetylase) SIRT1 * deacetylase) * indicates subset of SIRT1 target residues |
[62] |
Listed are the modifications identified for Mcm10 in different model systems, their functional role, protein region or specific residues modified, and the enzyme responsible, if determined. Abbreviations in this table include: minichromosome maintenance protein 10 (Mcm10), cullin 4-damaged DNA binding 1-viral protein R binding protein (Cul4-DDB1-VprBP), ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR), ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), S-phase cyclin dependent kinase (S-CDK), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).