Table 2. List of replicated trans-pQTLs.

Locus	Candidate cis-gene(s)	Sentinel SNP	Chr	Position	Type	Pvalue KORA	P value QMDiab	Protein name (gene symbol)
36	ABOabc, TSC1b, AK8b, SARDHb, GBGT1c	rs505922	9	136,149,229	Trans	1.2 × 10−20	1.0 × 10−8	von Willebrand factor (VWF)
					Trans	7.6 × 10−86	4.1 × 10−28	CD209 antigen (CD209)
269	ABOac, DBHb, ADAMTSL2b, SARDHb, RALGDSb,...	rs630510	9	136,149,581	Trans	1.6 × 10−15	2.4 × 10−10	Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Tie-1, soluble (TIE1)
28	ABOac, DBHb, ADAMTSL2b, SARDHb, RALGDSb,...	rs651007	9	136,153,875	Trans	1.2 × 10−96	8.2 × 10−23	E-Selectin (SELE)
					Trans	3.9 × 10−44	5.2 × 10−15	Insulin receptor (INSR)
					Trans	1.1 × 10−31	1.4 × 10−8	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (FLT4)
					Trans	3.3 × 10−19	1.2 × 10−9	Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET)
					Trans	3.1 × 10−13	1.9 × 10−5	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR)
					Trans	7.4 × 10−13	3.4 × 10−6	P-Selectin (SELP)
					Trans	8.0 × 10−11	8.2 × 10−6	OX-2 membrane glycoprotein (CD200)
79	CPN1a, HIF1ANc	rs7091871	10	101,810,304	Trans	1.0 × 10−48	3.5 × 10−16	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 (CAMK1)
					Trans	1.4 × 10−12	1.7 × 10−7	Calpastatin (CAST)
150	SIK3ab, SIDT2bc, PCSK7b, BUD13b, RNF214b,...	rs12099358	11	116,726,048	Trans	1.6 × 10−26	1.9 × 10−8	Beta-endorphin (POMC)
65	OAFabe, POU2F3bc, ARHGEF12b, TMEM136b, TRIM29b,...	rs692804	11	120,099,368	Trans	1.1 × 10−56	5.3 × 10−24	Interleukin-25 (IL25)
115	C1Sabce, C1RLc	rs12146727	12	7,170,336	Cis	3.4 × 10−35	3.6 × 10−7	Complement C1r subcomponent (C1R)
					Trans	2.0 × 10−15	8.8 × 10−6	Complement C1q subcomponent (C1QA C1QB C1QC)
304	POC1B-GALNT4ace, GALNT4ace, POC1Bac, ATP2B1c	rs722414	12	89,937,437	Trans	2.3 × 10−14	3.1 × 10−6	CMRF35-like molecule 6 (CD300C)
8	ZC3H13ae, CPB2ae, LCP1c	rs1926447	13	46,629,944	Trans	2.2 × 10−145	4.3 × 10−5	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPKAPK3)
155	PROZac, PCID2a, CUL4Aa	rs515863	13	113,839,747	Trans	2.5 × 10−26	6.2 × 10−9	Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAP2K2)
67	DHX38ac, TXNL4Ba, PMFBP1a, HPRc, DHODHc, HPc	rs9302635	16	72,144,174	Cis	6.3 × 10−54	6.2 × 10−19	Haptoglobin (HP)
					Trans	2.8 × 10−10	1.4 × 10−8	Ferritin (FTH1 FTL)
82	SARM1ac, VTNa, SLC46A1a, TMEM199c, POLDIP2c, TMEM97c	rs2239908	17	26,725,265	Trans	9.5 × 10−48	3.1 × 10−10	Semaphorin-3 A (SEMA3A)
					Trans	3.0 × 10−24	3.9 × 10−8	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D (CAMK1D)
					Trans	1.1 × 10−10	7.7 × 10−5	WNT1-inducible-signalling pathway protein 1 (WISP1)
54	APOC4ae, APOC4-APOC2ae, APOC2a, APOEc, APOC1c,...	rs5167	19	45,448,465	Trans	2.1 × 10−69	9.5 × 10−6	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF3)
106	TRPC4APabc, EDEM2abc, PROCRace, GSSab, MYH7Bab,...	rs867186	20	33,764,554	Trans	5.5 × 10−38	9.0 × 10−24	Vitamin K-dependent protein C (PROC)

Loci that comprise at least one replicated trans-association. Loci are referenced in this study by numbers ranging from 1 to 451 (strongest to weakest) and sorted here by chromosome position. P values are for the association with inverse-normal scaled protein levels from linear regression with genotype; see Supplementary Data 1 for full data of all 539 SNP-protein associations at 451 loci, including statistics for association with alternatively raw- and log-normal-scaled protein levels and estimated replication power. Candidate genes for the protein associations were annotated by considering the following criteria: a variant in linkage disequilibrium with the sentinel SNP (r2>0.8) is located in the gene transcript (superscript a), a variant hits a regulatory element of that gene (superscript b), a variant is a cis-eQTL (superscript c), a variant is a trans-eQTL (superscript d), a variant is protein changing (superscript e). The list of candidate genes in this table is limited to the five most plausible candidate genes for each locus. The full list is available online and in Supplementary Data 1. Every trans-pQTL implies the existence of a functional and causal link between a cis-encoded candidate gene and the trans-encoded target protein(s).