Fig. 1.

Dissection of P. xylostella female sex pheromone glands. The pheromone glands from female P. xylostella were squeezed out from the abdomen using forceps (the gland is similarly inflated when the female calls). The abdomen of P. xylostella was cut at the sclerotized cuticle from the 8^th abdominal segment, and the sclerotized cuticle was removed before immersing the glands in liquid nitrogen. 1: Sclerotized ovipositor valves; 2: Pheromone gland; 3: Sclerotized cuticle that was removed