Table 4.
Sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and OR of hematological parameters for differentiating between dengue and malaria
| Variable | Sensitivity* (95%CI) |
Specificity* (95%CI) |
PPV* (95%CI) |
NPV* (95%CI) |
P-value** | OR (95%CI) |
PLR | NLR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBCs < 4 000/μL | 52.5 (47.1–57.8) | 87.2 (83.2–90.6) | 80.9 (75.1–85.8) | 64 (59.4–68.4) | <0.0001 | 7.52 (5.12–11.03) | 4.10 (3.10–5.50) | 0.55 (0.48–0.61) |
| Neutrophils < 2 800/μL | 66 (75.1–83.9) | 79.8 (75.1–83.9) | 77.1 (71.9–81.8) | 69.4 (64.6–74.0) | <0.0001 | 7.65 (5.41–10.82) | 3.26 (2.6–4.1) | 0.43 (0.36–0.5) |
| Lymphocytes < 800/μL | 33.7 (28.8–39.0) | 65.2 (59.8–70.3) | 50.8 (47.0–54.6) | 48.8 (44.1–53.5) | 0.761 | 0.95 (0.69–1.31) | 0.97 (0.79–1.19) | 1.02 (0.91–1.13) |
| Monocytes < 80/μL | 15.3 (11.7–19.5) | 85.1 (80.9–88.8) | 51.5 (41.4–61.4) | 49.3 (45.2–53.5) | 0.89 | 1.03 (0.68–1.57) | 1.03 (0.72–1.47) | 1 (0.93–1.06) |
| Eosinophils < 40/μL | 33.7 (28.8–39.0) | 93.8 (90.6–96.1) | 84.8 (77.7–90.3) | 57.8 (53.5–62.0) | <0.0001 | 7.63 (4.65–12.51) | 5.39 (3.48–8.37) | 0.71 (0.65–0.77) |
| Basophils < 16/μL | 12.7 (9.37–16.7) | 80.4 (75.7–84.5) | 40.0 (30.8–49.8) | 47.1 (43.0–51.3) | 0.013 | 0.594 (0.39–0.90) | 0.65 (0.45–0.92) | 1.09 (1.02–1.16) |
| NL ratio < 2.8 | 71.5 (66.4–76.2) | 64.9 (59.5–70.0) | 67.8 (62.7–72.5) | 68.8 (63.4–73.8) | <0.0001 | 4.63 (3.35–6.39) | 2.04 (1.73–2.39) | 0.44 (0.37–0.53) |
| ML ratio < 0.25 | 72.3 (67.3–77.0) | 53.6 (48.1–59.0) | 61.7 (56.8–66.4) | 65.2 (59.3–70.8) | <0.0001 | 1.77 (1.48–2.12) | 1.56 (1.37–1.78) | 0.52 (0.42–0.63) |
| RBC < 4 × 106/μL | 6.34 (4.02–9.44) | 87.6 (84.2–90.6) | 29.0 (19.1–40.5) | 54.0 (50.3–57.8) | <0.0001 | 0.3 (0.21–59) | 0.51 (0.32–0.82) | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) |
| Hb < 11 g/dL | 7.49 (4.95–10.8) | 74.1 (69.1–78.7) | 23.0 (15.6–31.9) | 43.7 (39.6–47.9) | <0.0001 | 0.23 (0.15–0.37) | 0.29 (0.19–0.44) | 1.25 (1.16–1.34) |
| Hct > 40% | 45.8 (40.5–51.2) | 81.9 (77.3–85.8) | 72.3 (65.9–78.1) | 59.4 (54.8–63.9) | <0.0001 | 3.81 (2.69–5.41) | 2.52 (1.96–3.25) | 0.66 (0.59–0.74) |
| MCV > 80 fL | 58.2 (52.8–63.5) | 59.5 (54.1–64.8) | 59.8 (54.3–65.0) | 58.0 (52.6–63.2) | <0.0001 | 2.05 (1.51–2.78) | 1.44 (1.23–1.68) | 0.70 (0.60–0.82) |
| MCH > 25 pg/cell | 78.1 (73.4–82.3) | 26.2 (21.6–31.2) | 52.2 (47.8–56.6) | 53.7 (45.7–61.5) | 0.19 | 1.27 (0.89–1.79) | 1.06 (0.97–1.15) | 0.84 (0.64–1.09) |
| MCHC > 33 g/dL | 52.7 (47.3–58.1) | 53.0 (47.5–58.4) | 53.7 (48.2–59.1) | 52.1 (46.6–57.5) | 0.135 | 1.26 (0.93–1.70) | 1.12 (0.96–1.13) | 0.89 (0.77–1.04) |
| RDW > 13% | 25.4 (20.9–30.3) | 71.7 (66.6–76.5) | 48.1 (40.7–55.6) | 48.2 (43.7–52.7) | 0.390 | 0.86 (0.61–1.21) | 0.9 (0.70–1.15) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) |
| Platelets +< 100 000/μL | 73.8 (68.8–78.3) | 33.6 (28.6–39.0) | 53.4 (48.9–58.0) | 55.4 (48.3–62.3) | 0.034 | 1.43 (1.23–1.98) | 1.11 (1.01–1.23) | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) |
PLR positive likelihood ratio, NLR negative likelihood ratio
*Percent, **P-value determined using the chi-square test