Table 1.
The distribution of β-thalassemia variants in other countries.
| Country | Mutations | References |
|---|---|---|
| Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia | IVS-2-1 (G>A) (27.5%); IVS-1-5 (G>C) (23.2%); codon 39 (C>T) (20.3%); IVS-1-1 (G> A) (5.8%); IVS-1-25 bp (4.4%) and codon 44(-C) | Al-Ali AK et al. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2005:4:322–5 |
| Iraq | IVS-2-1 (G>A) (28.7%); IVS-1-1(G>A) (17.7%); codon 8 (–AA) (9.1%); codon 8/9 (9.1%); codon 39 (C>T) (9.1%); codon 44 (-C) (8.3%) and codon 5 (-C) (6.3%) | Al-Allawi NA et al. Mol Biol Int. 2010; Article ID 479282 |
| Jordan | IVS-1-110 (G>A) (25%), IVS-2-1 (G>A) (15%), IVS2-745 (C>G) (14.2%), IVS-1-1 (G>A) (10%), IVS-1-6 (T>C) (8.3%), codon 37 (G>A) (6.3%), codon 39 (C>T) (4.6%), and codon 5 (-C) (3.8%) | Sadiq MF et al. Am J Hematol. 2001;68:16–22. |
| Kuwait | IVS-2-1 G>A and IVS-1-6 T>C accounted for 63.9% of all mutations. | Adekile A et al. Med Princ Pract 2005;14(suppl 1):69–72 |
| Morocco | β0 39 (C>T); β0 Fs CD 8 (–AA); β+ IVS-1-6 (T>C) and β0 IVS-1-1(G>A); β0 FsCD6 (–A) and β+ 29 (A>G) cap site account for 75% of the 86 independent β thal chromosomes studied | Lemsaddek W et al. Am J Hematol. 2003; 73:161–8 |
| Syria | IVS-1-110 (G>A) (17.0%), IVS-1-1 (G>A) (14.7%), codon 39 (C>T) (14.4%), IVS-2-1 (G>A) (9.8%), codon 8 (-AA) (6.2%), IVS-1-6 (T>C) (5.2%), IVS-1-5 (G>C) (4.9%) | Jarjour RA et al. Hemoglobin. 2014;38:272–6 |
| Azerbaijan | Three mutations (codon 8-AA, IVS-2-1(G>A) and IVS-1-110 (G>A) account for over 80% of thalassaemia genes | Kuliev AM et al. J Med Genet.1994;31: 209–12. |
| Bulgaria | The codon 39 (C>T) and IVS-1-110 (G>A) mutations occur most frequently, and seven additional mutations are observed with a frequency from 2.4% to 14.2% | Petkov GH and Efremov GD. Hemoglobin. 2007;31:225–32. |
| Lebanon | IVS-1-110 (G>A) (34.2%); IVS-1-1 (G>A) (15%); IVS-1-6 (T>C) (14.4%); cd 29 (C>T) (9.6%); IVS-2-1 (G>A) (8.6%) and cd 5 (–CT) (5%) | Makhoul NJ et al. Ann Hum Genet.2005; 69:55–66 |
| Romania | IVS-1-110 (G>A) (31.2%); cd 39 (C>T) (25%); IVS-2-745 (C>G) (15.6%); IVS-1-1 (G>A) (12.5%) | Talnaci R et al. J. Cell Mol Med. 2004; 8: 232–40 |
| Serbia and Montenegro | Codon 39 (C>T), IVS-1-110 (G>A), IVS-2-745 (C>G), codon 44 (-C), -87 (C>G), IVS-2-1 (G>A), IVS-1-6 (T>C), IVS-1-1 (G>A) | Pavlovic S et al. Acta Haematol. 2005;113:175–80 |
| Spain | IVS-1-1 (G>A), IVS-1-6 (T>C), IVS-1-110 (G>A), codon 39 (C>T), codons 8/9 (+G) | Villegas A et al. Hemoglobin. 2001; 25: 273–83. |