Table 2. Percentages of Girls Endorsing Individual Symptoms on the Post-Concussion Scale, Stratified by Preexisting Health Condition and Concussion Historya.
| Variable | All Girls (n = 14 668) | No Preexisting Condition (n = 8979) | LD (n = 148) | ADHD (n = 598) | Academic Problem (n = 913) | Migraine (n = 1061) | Treatment History | Concussion History | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric (n = 1125) | Substance Abuse (n = 29) | None (n = 12 643 | 1 (n = 1271) | 2 (n = 277) | 3 (n = 94) | ≥4 (n = 46) | |||||||
| Headacheb | 24.6 | 19.3 | 35.7 | 31.3 | 31.4 | 47.0 | 37.7 | 48.3 | 23.2 | 32.9 | 43.3 | 48.9 | 50.0 |
| Nauseab | 3.4 | 2.5 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 17.2 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 7.4 | 6.5 |
| Vomiting | 4.6 | 3.3 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 10.8 | 17.2 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 7.9 | 10.6 | 13.0 |
| Balance problemsb | 6.6 | 4.9 | 13.3 | 14.7 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 14.7 | 24.1 | 6.2 | 8.7 | 12.6 | 18.1 | 17.4 |
| Dizzinessb | 10.6 | 8.1 | 20.0 | 19.4 | 16.2 | 18.8 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 9.9 | 14.7 | 17.3 | 18.1 | 23.9 |
| Fatigueb | 26.8 | 23.2 | 32.4 | 39.5 | 28.4 | 37.0 | 46.9 | 48.3 | 26.0 | 34.1 | 35.7 | 37.2 | 50.0 |
| Trouble falling asleepc | 23.0 | 20.0 | 28.7 | 35.8 | 24.3 | 28.6 | 39.7 | 41.4 | 22.0 | 28.4 | 31.0 | 39.4 | 37.0 |
| Sleeping more than usual | 7.1 | 5.5 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 9.2 | 15.2 | 10.3 | 6.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 11.7 | 6.5 |
| Sleeping less than usualc | 25.5 | 22.3 | 30.9 | 36.1 | 29.0 | 35.9 | 38.0 | 44.8 | 24.8 | 29.9 | 33.9 | 30.9 | 37.0 |
| Drowsiness | 14.6 | 11.2 | 19.8 | 21.4 | 17.2 | 27.9 | 25.0 | 27.6 | 13.6 | 19.6 | 24.2 | 27.7 | 32.6 |
| Sensitivity to lightb | 15.4 | 12.2 | 24.2 | 27.4 | 20.2 | 26.4 | 32.7 | 55.2 | 14.6 | 20.6 | 24.5 | 30.9 | 37.0 |
| Sensitivity to noiseb | 6.7 | 4.4 | 14.3 | 16.7 | 11.9 | 14.7 | 16.6 | 20.7 | 6.1 | 9.0 | 11.2 | 17.0 | 28.3 |
| Irritabilityd | 17.6 | 14.2 | 21.0 | 31.8 | 20.2 | 25.8 | 40.9 | 48.3 | 17.0 | 21.2 | 26.0 | 25.5 | 32.6 |
| Sadnessd | 22.6 | 19.4 | 37.2 | 36.5 | 32.7 | 30.2 | 46.0 | 51.7 | 22.9 | 22.1 | 24.2 | 27.7 | 41.3 |
| Nervousnessd | 18.3 | 14.0 | 29.2 | 34.1 | 27.3 | 25.9 | 45.2 | 44.8 | 17.6 | 21.1 | 23.5 | 25.5 | 34.8 |
| Feeling more emotionald | 21.9 | 17.9 | 33.6 | 34.9 | 28.0 | 29.2 | 46.8 | 41.4 | 21.4 | 25.6 | 27.4 | 28.7 | 30.4 |
| Numbness or tingling | 3.9 | 2.6 | 9.2 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 9.6 | 15.2 |
| Feeling slowed down | 7.9 | 5.8 | 14.3 | 16.7 | 11.3 | 13.3 | 17.6 | 20.7 | 7.5 | 9.8 | 11.6 | 19.1 | 15.2 |
| Feeling mentally “foggy”e | 8.6 | 6.4 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 14.7 | 12.9 | 19.4 | 13.8 | 8.2 | 11.5 | 12.3 | 20.2 | 17.4 |
| Difficulty concentratinge | 21.0 | 16.1 | 41.3 | 53.3 | 32.0 | 29.7 | 41.2 | 69.0 | 20.1 | 25.8 | 31.0 | 40.4 | 52.5 |
| Difficulty rememberinge | 10.0 | 7.6 | 25.4 | 21.4 | 18.9 | 14.8 | 19.1 | 37.9 | 9.5 | 12.4 | 17.7 | 24.5 | 28.3 |
| Visual problems | 8.0 | 6.0 | 18.1 | 15.9 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 14.9 | 31.0 | 7.6 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 16.0 | 23.9 |
| No symptoms | 33.3 | 37.7 | 24.6 | 18.6 | 27.3 | 19.6 | 13.7 | 3.4 | 34.2 | 27.0 | 22.4 | 14.9 | 15.2 |
| Post-Concussion Scale score | |||||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 6.5 (9.9) | 4.7 (7.6) | 11.9 (14.1) | 13.2 (15.4) | 9.9 (13.4) | 11.6 (13.8) | 15.5 (16.2) | 19.8 (15.1) | 6.1 (9.5) | 8.5 (11.7) | 10.7 (13.0) | 12.3 (12.5) | 18.1 (22.1) |
| Median | 3.0 | 2.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 19.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 7.5 | |
| 25th Percentile | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 |
| 75th Percentile | 9.0 | 6.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 23.0 | 26.5 | 8.0 | 11.0 | 16.0 | 19.3 | 21.5 |
| 90th Percentile | 18.0 | 13.0 | 33.0 | 34.1 | 27.0 | 30.0 | 37.0 | 48.0 | 17.0 | 23.8 | 26.4 | 29.5 | 56.0 |
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; LD, learning disability.
a
All values are percentages endorsing the symptom as mild or greater. Symptoms counted toward each criterion for International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, postconcussional syndrome.
b
Physical symptoms.
c
Insomnia.
d
Emotional symptoms.
e
Cognitive symptoms.