Table 4. The characteristics of patients with and without nosocomial infections during ECMO.
| Risk factors | Without infection*(n = 47) | With infection*(n = 14) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 61.3 ± 14.9 | 58.5 ± 12.5 | 0.529 |
| Female gender | 14 (29.8) | 7 (50.0) | 0.206 |
| Body weight, kg | 62.9 ± 12.1 | 59.6 ± 10.5 | 0.369 |
| Underlying condition | |||
| Hypertension | 19 (40.4) | 7 (50.0) | 0.553 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (38.3) | 7 (50.0) | 0.540 |
| Coronary artery disease | 7 (14.9) | 3 (21.4) | 0.683 |
| Chronic renal disease | 3 (6.4) | 2 (14.3) | 0.322 |
| Acute kidney injury | 3 (6.4) | 0 | > 0.999 |
| Dialysis | 2 (4.3) | 1 (7.1) | 0.549 |
| COPD | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0.230 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2 (4.3) | 0 | > 0.999 |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| White blood cell (103/mm3) | 12.5 ± 6.1 | 13.7 ± 5.2 | 0.490 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.1 ± 2.8 | 11.2 ± 3.0 | 0.310 |
| Platelets (103/mm3) | 204.8 ± 82.2 | 204.4 ± 63.5 | 0.989 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 4.8 ± 6.6 | 3.7 ± 5.1 | 0.563 |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 8.7 ± 4.4 | 9.7 ± 5.7 | 0.499 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 0.819 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 0.227 |
| SOFA score | 8.5 ± 2.4 | 9.0 ± 1.7 | 0.473 |
| Infiltration status on CXR | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 0.874 |
| Peak body temperature, ℃ | 37.3 ± 1.3 | 37.2 ± 1.0 | 0.667 |
| Transfusion history | 17 (36.2) | 1 (7.1) | 0.047 |
| Pre-ECMO ICU stay, day | 1.7 ± 2.0 | 2.1 ± 3.7 | 0.599 |
| Pre-ECMO hospital stay, day | 4.5 ± 7.0 | 3.9 ± 4.3 | 0.747 |
ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, COPD = chronic obstructive lung disease, CRP = C-reactive protein, CXR = chest X-ray, ICU = intensive care unit, SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
*Data are presented as numbers of cases (%) for categorical variables or as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables.