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Schematic diagrams (not-to-scale) showing the experimental setups of the kilovoltage photon beams (left) and megavoltage electron beams (right). The thicknesses of the skin target layer (water mixed with nanoparticles) ranged from 0.5-5 mm for the photon beams and 0.5-10 mm for the electron beams. SSD: Source-to-surface distance.
