Table 1.
Results of the mixed-effects models with respect to tobacco craving questionnaires (TCQ) and e-TCQ.
| Outcome | Model | χ2 (df) | p | Condition | Pre vs. Post * | t (df) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCQ | Moment | 42.60 (1) | <0.01 | −5.51 | −7.48 (1) | <0.01 | |
| Moment * Nicotine Level | 9.48 (2) | <0.01 | |||||
| Nicotine | −7.75 | −7.83 (1) | <0.01 | ||||
| No-Nicotine | −3.34 | −3.42 (1) | <0.01 | ||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Handling | 6.21 (4) | 0.18 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Aroma | 3.95 (4) | 0.41 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Visual Cues | 4.18 (4) | 0.38 | |||||
| e-TCQ | Moment | 17.06 (1) | <0.01 | −3.60 | −4.38 (1) | <0.01 | |
| Moment * Nicotine Level | 7.17 (2) | <0.05 | |||||
| Nicotine | −5.57 | −4.91 (1) | <0.01 | ||||
| No-Nicotine | −1.68 | −1.50 (1) | 0.14 | ||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Handling | 1.40 (4) | 0.85 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Aroma | 1.77 (4) | 0.78 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Visual Cues | 7.57 (4) | 0.11 |
* Pre vs. Post means that Pre measurement was subtracted from Post measurements. Negative values indicate a higher Pre measurement in comparison to the post measurement.