Table 2.
Results of the mixed-effects models with respect to visual analogue scale (VAS) and e-VAS.
| Outcome | Index | Model | χ2 (df) | p | Condition | Pre vs. Post1 * | t (df) | p | Pre vs. Post1–5 * | t (df) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAS | Moment | 95.52 (5) | <0.01 | −19.43 | −8.31 (1) | <0.01 | −14.88 | −7.82 (1) | <0.01 | ||
| Moment * Nicotine Level | 11.01 (6) | 0.09 | |||||||||
| Nicotine | −26.76 | −8.20 (1) | <0.01 | −18.79 | −7.95 (1) | <0.01 | |||||
| No-Nicotine | −12.10 | −3.66 (1) | <0.01 | −10.97 | −3.70 (1) | <0.01 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Aroma | 5.99 (5) | 0.31 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Visual Cues | 6.87 (5) | 0.23 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Handling | 9.52 (5) | 0.09 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level by Manual | 2.49 (6) | 0.87 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level by Unipod | 20.52 (6) | <0.01 | |||||||||
| e-VAS | Moment | 37.79 (5) | <0.01 | 11.14 | −4.77 (1) | <0.01 | −7.07 | −3.79 (1) | <0.01 | ||
| Moment * Nicotine Level | 10.35 (6) | 0.11 | |||||||||
| Nicotine | −15.42 | −4.70 (1) | <0.01 | −8.40 | −3.55 (1) | <0.01 | |||||
| No-Nicotine | −6.86 | −2.10 (1) | <0.01 | −5.75 | −2.00 (1) | <0.05 | |||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Aroma | 3.73 (5) | 0.59 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Visual Cues | 9.95 (5) | 0.08 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level by Blind | 4.48 (6) | 0.61 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level by Unrestricted | 15.75 (6) | <0.05 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level * Handling | 9.62 (5) | 0.09 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level at Manual | 8.76 (6) | 0.19 | |||||||||
| Moment * Nicotine Level at Unipod | 11.92 (6) | 0.06 | |||||||||
* Pre vs. Post means that we subtracted the Pre measurement from the Post measurement. Negative values indicate a higher Pre measurement in comparison to the post measurement.