Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | CHF (n = 922) | Control (n = 1107) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 563 (61.1) | 647 (58.4) | 0.232 |
| Age (years) | 61 ± 11 | 60 ± 8 | 0.173 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 133.3 ± 25.6 | 114.4 ± 10.3 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.4 ± 14.4 | 73.5 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 1 | 3.9 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.9 | 1.5 ± 1.3 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 1 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Cigarette smoker within the past year (%) | 313 (33.9) | 283 (25.6) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 266 (28.9) | 216 (19.5) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 596 (64.6) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 690 (74.8) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 232 (25.2) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
CHF: chronic heart failure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.