Table 2.
Mean levels of clinical outcomes, laboratory parameters, and medications between intervention group and control group
| Variables | Mean level during follow-up | Mean difference (coefficient) | 95% CI | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 208) | Intervention (n = 234) | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 0.2 | 24.9 ± 0.2 | 0.49 | (−0.3)–1.2 | 0.22 |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI, ml/min/1.73 m2) | 39.9 ± 2.8 | 42.4 ± 1.5 | 2.74 | 0.7–4.8 | 0.009 |
| Serum Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | −0.10 | (−0.2)–(−0.02) | 0.02 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 120 ± 2.3 | 125 ± 1.9 | 5.37 | 3.4–7.3 | 0.01 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73 ± 1.3 | 74 ± 1.8 | 1.23 | 0.3–2.2 | 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.3 ± 0.2 | 11.2 ± 0.3 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.42 |
| Serum bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 21.5 ± 1.7 | 24.5 ± 1.1 | 2.84 | 2.4–3.3 | 0.001 |
| HbA1C in diabetics (%) a | 7.9 ± 0.4 | 7.3 ± 0.2 | −0.57 | (−0.9)–(−0.2) | 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 108 ± 5 | 107 ± 16 | −1.09 | (−5.6)–3.4 | 0.63 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 209 ± 22 | 192 ± 15 | −18.15 | (−35.5)–(−0.8) | 0.04 |
| Urine protein-creatinine ratio (mg/g) | 260 ± 84 | 336 ± 55 | 11.42 | (−97)–119 | 0.84 |
| 24-h urine Na (mg/day) a | 3682 ± 635 | 2931 ± 309 | −739.0 | (−1136)–(−343) | 0.001 |
| 24-h urine nPNA (g/kg/day) | 0.91 ± 0.1 | 0.84 ± 0.02 | 0.10 | (−0.2)–(0.001) | 0.049 |
GEE analyses were used to determine mean differences over time of clinical outcomes and laboratory parameters between the two groups
Data was shown as means (standard deviation) for continuous variables
Abbreviations: GEE generalized estimating equation
aDiffrences already exist at baseline