Table 1.

Overall, chronic disturbance had significant effects on brain expression for 3 of 4 aggression biomarker genes

Gene (sample size)	t/S	p
Inos (N = 47)	−3.02	0.002
Drat (N = 46)	−2.11	0.417
GB53860 (N = 47)	3.75	0.0003
Cyp6g1/2 (N = 47)	−1.70	0.0483

Values are the result of one-tailed t-tests (or a Wilcoxon Exact Test for GB53860) to account for the hypothesized direction of change based on previous studies [25]. Sample sizes represent the total number of individuals compared per test. Significant differences are indicated in bold type face