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. 2017 Mar 3;16:33. doi: 10.1186/s12933-017-0513-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — The effects of the Nrf2 activator dh404 on oxidative stress markers. Treatment with dh404 resulted in increased gene expression levels of HO-1 (a) and NQO1 (b). Dh404 treatment also resulted in attenuation of oxidative stress markers in basal and TNF-α treated control and diabetic HAECs. Oxidative stress markers are measured using DCFDA (c and d) and Amplex red (e and f) assays. Gene expression is relative to control HAECs. Data are presented as ±SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and **** P < 0.0001 as indicated. ^#P < 0.05 versus diabetic HAECs. A.U: arbitrary units. N = 6–8 per group