Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of ADHD and TD groups overall and within sex
| TD | ADHD | ADHD vs. TD | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls (n=39) | Boys (n=70) | All (n=109) | Girls (n=38) | Boys (n=71) | All (n=109) | Girls | Boys | All | |||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p-values | |||
| Age (years) | 10.09 | 1.10 | 10.12 | 1.70 | 10.02 | 1.41 | 10.11 | 1.46 | 9.99 | 1.38 | 10.11 | 1.14 | .944 | .527 | .638 |
| % Minority | 33% | 25% | 28% | 26% | 30% | 28% | .501 | .572 | .996 | ||||||
| SES | 50.87 | 9.56 | 51.04 | 10.09 | 50.98 | 9.85 | 49.85 | 10.32 | 49.88 | 11.26 | 49.87 | 10.90 | .657 | .523 | .435 |
| Handedness R:L:M (count) | 35:0:3 | 53:9:8 | 88:9:11 | 32:3:3 | 57:8:3 | 89:11:6 | .209 | .294 | .437 | ||||||
| FSIQ | 110.31 | 9.36 | 111.16 | 9.76 | 110.85 | 9.56 | 107.08 | 13.90 | 106.14 | 11.84 | 106.47 | 12.54 | .234 | .007 | .004 |
| GAI | 109.79 | 9.58 | 113.61 | 9.86 | 112.25 | 9.89 | 108.68 | 13.43 | 111.48 | 13.53 | 110.50 | 13.50 | .677 | .287 | .278 |
| VCI | 112.33 | 11.52 | 115.96 | 11.36 | 114.66 | 11.49 | 109.66 | 14.05 | 111.82 | 14.30 | 111.06 | 14.19 | .363 | .059 | .041 |
| PRI | 104.31 | 9.94 | 107.34 | 11.02 | 106.26 | 10.70 | 106.82 | 13.90 | 108.18 | 12.37 | 107.71 | 12.88 | .364 | .671 | .367 |
| WMI | 106.26 | 11.44 | 106.33 | 11.58 | 106.30 | 11.48 | 102.92 | 15.58 | 101.00 | 13.21 | 101.67 | 14.04 | .287 | .012 | .008 |
| PSI | 107.23 | 12.75 | 100.51 | 12.06 | 102.92 | 12.67 | 99.82 | 13.12 | 91.93 | 10.04 | 94.68 | 11.77 | .014 | <.001 | <.001 |
| ADHD Boys vs. ADHD Girls p-values | |||||||||||||||
| Conners IA T | 46.66 | 5.67 | 44.01 | 4.40 | 44.96 | 5.03 | 80.24 | 9.40 | 68.78 | 8.40 | 72.85 | 10.31 | n/a | n/a | <.001 |
| Conners HI T | 46.08 | 4.32 | 46.63 | 5.03 | 46.43 | 4.77 | 75.16 | 13.86 | 70.43 | 12.37 | 72.11 | 13.05 | n/a | n/a | .073 |
| Dysreg. T | 51.27 | 1.85 | 51.13 | 1.87 | 51.19 | 1.85 | 63.70 | 6.64 | 61.09 | 5.89 | 62.11 | 6.29 | n/a | n/a | .059 |
| ADHD Subtype, CO:IA:HI (count) | n/a | n/a | n/a | 28:9:1 | 54:15:2 | 82:24:3 | n/a | n/a | .954 | ||||||
| % Stimulant Medication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66% | 67% | 67% | n/a | n/a | .848 | ||||||
| ODD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42% | 35% | 38% | n/a | n/a | .479 | ||||||
Note. % Minority=Percentage of subjects with a self-reported race of African American, Asian, Hispanic, or Biracial; SES=Hollingshead Four-Factor Index of Socioeconomic Status*missing for 2 kids; Handedness=Edinburgh Handedness Inventory*missing for 4 kids; FSIQ=Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) Full-scale IQ; GAI=WISC-IV General Ability Index; VCI=WISC-IV Verbal Comprehension Index; PRI=WISC-IV Perceptual Reasoning Index; WMI=WISC-IV Working Memory Index; PSI=WISC-IV Processing Speed Index; Conners IA T=Conners’ Parent Rating Scales DSM Inattention Scale T-score; Conners HI T=Conners’ Parent Rating Scale DSM Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Scale T-score; Dysreg. T = CBCL Dysregulation Index T-score; CO=Combined subtype; IA=Inattentive subtype; HI=Hyperactive/Impulsive subtype; % Stimulant Medication = Percentage of subjects taking stimulant medication; ODD=Oppositional Defiant Disorder.