Table 3.
List of RFID tag antenna sensors for corrosion detection and characterization.
| Sensing Principle (Antenna Type) | Sensing Variable | Feature | Pros | Cons | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inductive coupling (coil) | Envelope | Peak value | Fast | Read range: 3 cm; Lift-off dependent | [47,49] |
| Inductive coupling (coil) | Complex impedance | principal component analysis (PCA) | Lift-off independent | Read range: 2.5 cm; VNA is required | [50] |
| Capacitive coupling (3D antenna) | Analogue identifier (AID) | PCA | Read range: 1 m; Wireless channel independent | Antenna profile: 1.6 cm | [51] |
| Stub resonator (patch antenna) | Transmission coefficient (S21) | RFS | Chipless; Read range: 2 m | Influence from immersed water; Not compatible with Gen2 regulation; VNA is required | [48] |