Table 1. Selected characteristics prior to matching.
| Community-onset CDI (n = 7,950) | |
|---|---|
| Agea, mean±SD, median | 63.5±22.0, 69 years |
| Female, % | 62.7 |
| Age groupa, % | |
| Children (≤18 years) | 4.1 |
| Adults (19–64 years) | 38.6 |
| Older adults (≥65years) | 57.3 |
| Crude annual incidence rateb, per 100,000 population | |
| 2003 | 4.9 |
| 2004 | 6.7 |
| 2005 | 8.2 |
| 2006 | 7.4 |
| 2007 | 8.9 |
| 2008 | 9.4 |
| 2009 | 8.7 |
| 2010 | 8.4 |
| Neighborhood income quintilea, % | |
| 1 (lowest) | 22.0 |
| 2 | 20.5 |
| 3 | 19.0 |
| 4 | 19.2 |
| 5 (highest) | 19.3 |
| Ruralitya, % | |
| Major urban | 59.9 |
| Non-major urban | 29.0 |
| Rural | 11.1 |
| Very high users of the healthcare systemc, % | 45.0 |
| Healthcare utilization within 12 weeks prior to index date, % | 72.4 |
| Possible prescription for an antibiotic within 12 weeks prior to index date, % | 47.5 |
| All-cause mortalityd, % | |
| 30 day | 11.8 |
| 180 day | 19.6 |
| 1 year | 23.0 |
| End of study period | 35.8 |
| Costs unadjusted for survivald, mean, median | |
| 30 day | $9,535, $6,324 |
| 180 day | $21,488, $9,754 |
| 1 year | $28,782, $12,705 |
aMeasured at the index date.
bNot standardized to a specific year.
cMeasure of co-morbidities (within the two years prior to the index date, see S3 Table).
dPost index date.
CDI—C.difficile infection. SD—standard deviation.