Table 2. Summary of healthy liver IVIM studies with Dslow and PF value in the mid 50% data (middle two quartile) distribution of reported value.
Paper | Subject number | PF (%) | Dslow (10-3 mm2/s) | Dfast (10-3 mm2/s) | Field strength (T) | Breath compensation | b value distribution (s/mm2) | Post-processing algorithm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leporq et al., 2015 (19) | 25 | 21.90±4.90 | 1.08±0.07 | 79.00±23.50 | 3.0 | FB | 0, 10, 80, 800 | ROI analysis and nonlinear least-square fitting |
Luciani et al., 2008 (11) | 25 | 27.00±5.30 | 1.10±0.70 | 79.10±18.10 | 1.5 | Respiratory trigger | 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 | Pixel-wise asymptotic fitting then ROI analysis with parametric maps |
Taimouri et al., 2015 (20) | 29 | 25.00±18.00 | 1.01±0.29 | 54.60±55.10 | 1.5 | FB | 5, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 | Pixel-wise asymptotic fitting then ROI analysis with parametric maps |
Wurnig et al., 2016 (21) | 8 | 22.90 | 1.16 | 65.50 | 3.0 | FB | 0, 10, 20, 40, 90, 100, 170, 200, 210, 240, 390, 530, 620, 750, 970, 1000 | ROI analysis and asymptotic fitting with parameter-free algorithm |
Jerome et al., 2014 (22) | 10 | 17.70±2.90 | 1.16±0.12 | 44.00±5.00 | 1.5 | FB | 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 250, 500, 750 | ROI analysis then Bayesian fitting |
Lee et al., 2015 (23) | 12 | 22.00±4.00 | 1.00±0.07 | 116.71±100.20 | 1.5 | Electrocardiography (ECG) triggering (ET) | 0, 30, 60, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600, 900 | Pixel-wise least-squares fitting then ROI analysis with parametric maps |
Regini et al., 2015 (24) | 40 | 22.40±7.20 | 1.05±0.11 | 40.70±19.90 | 3.0 | Respiratory trigger | 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 | ROI analysis then asymptotic fitting |
IVIM, intravoxel incoherent motion; PF, perfusion fraction, FB, free-breathing.