Table 2.

Direct regeneration in W. somnifera.

Explant	Response	Medium	RR, SE	Reference
Leaf	Shoot buds	MS + 4.4 µM BAP + 7.99 µM IAA	63.3 (RR), 9.33 (SE)	[38]
		MS + 13.2 µM BAP + 7.99 µM IAA	70.0 (RR), 13.37 (SE)	[47]
		MS + 4.0 µM BAP + 4.0 µM KN	90 (RR), 12.1 (SE)	[33]
		MS + 8.88 µM BAP;	23.0 (SE)	[106]
		MS + 8.88 µM BAP + 0.53 µM NAA	17.67 (SE)
		MS + 6.66 µM BAP + 8.55 µM IAA	100 (RR), 68.0 (SE)
Node	Shoot buds	MS + 2.22 µM BAP	12.5 (SE)	[46]
		MS + 22.2 µM BAP	10.22 (SE)
		MS + 0.91 µM TDZ	10.1 (SE)
		MS + 1.36 µM TDZ	12.3 (SE)
		MS + 2.5 µM BAP + 0.5 µM NAA	95 (RR), 36.1 (SE)	[48]
		MS + 6.66 µM BAP + 1.71 µM IAA	90 (RR), 42.4 (SE)	[84]
Internodes	Shoot buds	MS + 4.44 µM BAP	>25 (SE)	[46]
		MS + 22.2 µM BAP	>40 (SE)
Epicotyl	Shoot buds	MS + 8.88 µM BAP + 1.14 µM IAA	85 (RR), 15.5 (SE)	[34]
Hypocotyl	Shoot buds	MS + 2.22 µM BAP	12.88 (SE)	[46]
Embryo	Shoot buds	MS + 0.91 µM TDZ	10.0 (SE)	[46]
Shoot tip	Shoot buds	MS + 2.5 µM BAP	92 (RR), 15.1 (SE)	[48]
Petiole	Shoot bud	MS + 8.88 µM BAP	3.67 (SE)	[33]
		MS +8.88 µM BAP + 0.53 µM NAA	2.67 (SE)

RR: regeneration response (%); SE: shoots/explant.