Figure 1.

Experimental design. Resting CD4+ T cells were isolated from an HIV-1 aviraemic individual on ART. After clonal expansion, CD4+ T cells were split into equal parts for cryopreservation and VOA. Cryopreserved cells corresponding to VOA-positive wells (P46P), VOA-negative wells (P46N), and uncultured resting CD4+ T cells (P46U), were thawed and intravenously injected into NSG mice respectively. Plasma viral load (pVL) and peripheral blood CD4+ T cells were measured every other week using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. HIV-1 env sequences from the first pVL positive samples were sequenced using Sanger's method.