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. 2017 Mar 6;7:43474. doi: 10.1038/srep43474

Figure 4. Alcohol increases BAT retinol and retinyl ester content independently of dietary vitamin A content, but dependent on hepatic vitamin A stores.

Figure 4

Chronic alcohol consumption was associated with significant increase in BAT concentrations of retinol (A) and retinyl ester (B). The alcohol-induced increase in BAT retinol and retinyl ester concentration was similar in mice consuming a vitamin A sufficient (VAS) and vitamin A deficient (VAD) diet (C,D). The alcohol-induced increase in BAT retinol and retinyl ester concentrations was absent in Lrat−/− mice (E,F). The effect of chronic alcohol consumption on BAT mass was retained in Lrat−/− mice (G). (A,B) analyzed by one-way ANOVA; bars with different letters are significantly different; p < 0.05. (C–G) analyzed by two-way ANOVA; *p < 0.05 within groups; #p < 0.05 between groups. Sample size: (A,B) control n = 12, all alcohol groups n = 6; (C,D), VAS control n = 4, VAS alcohol n = 6, VAD control n = 5, VAD alcohol n = 7; (E–G) C57BL/6 control n = 5, C57BL/6 alcohol n = 5, Lrat−/− control n = 4, Lrat−/− alcohol n = 5.