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. 2017 Mar 6;7:43726. doi: 10.1038/srep43726

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

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(a) Pathway of toluene degradation identified in P. putida F1, adapted from Parales et al.³³, and partial pathways carried out by mutant strains PpF4 and PpF107³². (b) Colony growth of mono- and cocultures of P. putida strains (wildtype PpF1, mutants PpF4 and PpF107) on agar plate in presence of toluene vapor as sole carbon source for 5 days. One-μl droplets of cell suspension (pure or mixed 1:1) were pipetted onto the agar surface. (c) Growth of mono- and cocultures (mixed 1:1) of PpF1, PpF4 and PpF107 in liquid medium with toluene as sole carbon source. Bacteria were incubating without shaking and toluene was provided via the gas phase.