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. 2017 Mar 1;3(1):28–40. doi: 10.1089/aivt.2016.0030

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© Janice Gerloff et al., 2017; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

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FIG. 4. — Effects of nicotine and flavoring chemicals on electrical resistance in 16-HBE cells. 16-HBE cells were seeded in ECIS array/cultureware. Cells were grown for 2 days in complete medium with 10% FBS, then placed in medium containing low serum (1% FBS) and treated with nicotine or different flavoring chemicals (1 mM) and monitored for 16–24 hours. Resistance was measured at 4000 Hz using ECIS. (A) Representative data showing absolute resistance for control (no treatment), nicotine, and different flavoring chemicals. Black color arrow indicates the exact time of treatment. (B) Normalized resistance values for control, nicotine, and treatment with different flavoring chemicals (0 vs. 20 minutes post-treatment). **p < 0.01 coumarin versus control; ***p < 0.001 diacetyl versus control. (C) Normalized resistance values for control and different flavoring chemicals 2 hours post-treatment. Statistical analysis of significance for normalized resistance values was compared between control vs. different flavoring chemicals at only 2-hour time point. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6–8/group), and significance determined using two-way ANOVA (Sidak's multiple comparisons test). *p < 0.05 cinnamaldehyde versus control; ***p < 0.001, acetoin and maltol versus control. ECIS, electric cell-surface impedance sensing; FBS, fetal bovine serum.