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. 2017 Feb 6;114(8):1880–1885. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1613773114

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Development of global stocks in relation to GDP, energy use, and CO2 emissions 1900–2010. (A) Global stock productivity (GDP/material stock) and material use productivity (GDP/annual material consumption, right axis). (B) Energy and carbon emission intensity of material stocks. Total primary energy supply (TPES) and CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use per megagram of material stock. Material use (domestic material consumption) is in megagrams (9), GDP in constant international dollars of 1990 (45), CO2 emissions in kilograms of C (46), and TPES in gigajoules (9).