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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurochem. 2017 Feb 16;140(6):941–954. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13957

Figure 1.

Figure 1

HNE induces apoptosis in primary neurons. Cortical neurons were exposed to 0.05% ethanol (vehicle control; Con) or 5 µM HNE for the indicated time periods. (A) Levels of cellular MTS reduction (left) and LDH released into the culture medium (right). (B) Images showing ponceau S. staining (which stains all proteins) and HNE immunoreactive proteins on nitrocellulose from a Western blot. (C – E) Neurons were stained with anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibody and counterstained with Hoechst after 48 hours of treatment of with either vehicle (Con) or 5 µM HNE. Representative images are shown in panel C and results of quantitative analyses of neurons with condensed/fragmented nuclear DNA, and of neurons exhibiting cleaved caspase 3 immunoreactivity are shown in panels D and E. Results were from analyses of 310 control neurons and 355 HNE-treated neurons in three independent experiments (n = 3). ***p< 0.001 (Student’s t-test). Scale bar, 20 µm.

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