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. 2017 Jan 6;12:233–245. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.003

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© 2017 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 4 — H₂O₂capacity for signaling: A: Minimum time scale for direct oxidation of PTPs by H₂O₂. The inverse of the pseudo-first-order rate constant for the direct oxidation of the active form of a PTP by H₂O₂ with k_ox=164 M^-1s^-1 near the membrane is color coded as indicated. Values give the time needed to oxidize 63% of the target. Note the extremely slow oxidation under conditions that permit strong H₂O₂ gradients. Especially in the high hyperoxidation regime, times for oxidation are underestimated due to the neglect of alternative H₂O₂ sinks. B: Ratio between average intracellular concentrations of PSO⁻ and H₂O₂. Note the very high ratios (>1000) under conditions that permit strong H₂O₂ gradients. Results for the ratios between average intracellular concentrations of PSS and H₂O₂ are qualitatively similar. (The reader is referred to the web version of this article for a color version of this figure.).