Table 2. Duration of second stage of labor and rates of specific birth asphyxia-related complications.
Birth asphyxia-related complications (N=269)a |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total |
HIE |
Hypothermia treatment |
Neonatal seizures |
Meconium aspiration |
Heart compressions |
Intubation |
|||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
42 539 | 97 | 0.23 | 23 | 0.05 | 95 | 0.22 | 68 | 0.16 | 46 | 0.11 | 71 | 0.17 | |
Second stage (h) | |||||||||||||
<1 | 13 558 | 18 | 0.13 | 3 | 0.02 | 20 | 0.15 | 15 | 0.11 | 8 | 0.06 | 12 | 0.09 |
1 to <2 | 12 225 | 25 | 0.20 | 5 | 0.04 | 23 | 0.19 | 16 | 0.13 | 9 | 0.07 | 16 | 0.13 |
2 to <3 | 7710 | 17 | 0.22 | 5 | 0.06 | 23 | 0.30 | 19 | 0.25 | 6 | 0.08 | 16 | 0.21 |
3 to <4 | 5238 | 15 | 0.29 | 3 | 0.06 | 12 | 0.23 | 8 | 0.15 | 13 | 0.25 | 14 | 0.27 |
⩾4 | 3808 | 22 | 0.58 | 7 | 0.18 | 17 | 0.45 | 10 | 0.26 | 10 | 0.26 | 13 | 0.34 |
P-value | <0.0001 | 0.0047 | 0.0055 | 0.0648 | 0.0001 | 0.0021 |
Abbreviation: HIE, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Infants had one or several diagnoses.