Table 1. Exome sequencing: mutational defects in MDS and sAML versus de novo AML.

MDS		sAML		De novo AML
Gene	Mutations (%)	Gene	Mutations (%)	Gene	Mutations (%)
TET2a	33	TET2a	20	FLT3b	28
→SF3B1a	32	SF3B1a	11	NPM1b	27
ASXL1a	23	ASXL1a	32	DNMT3A	26
→SRSF2a	17	SRSF2a	20	IDH1/2	10
→ZRSR2a	8	ZRSR2a	8	RUNX1b	9
EZH2 a	5	EZH2a	9	TET2	9
BCORa	4	BCORa	8	NRAS/KRASb	8
→U2AF1a	8	U2AF1a	16	TP53	8
STAG2a	8	STAG2a	14	CEBPAb	6
RUNX1	10	RUNX1b	31	WT1b	6
DNMT3A	13	NF1b	6	PTPN11b	5
IDH2/IDH1	5	NRAS/KRASb	31	KITb	4
TP53	6	TP53	15	U2AF1	4
FLT3	5	IDH1/2	20	KRASb	4
CBL	5	FLT3b	19	SMC1A	4
JAK2	5	DNMT3A	19	SMC3	4
BCOR	3	PTPN11b	5	PHF6	3
NRAS or KRAS	7	CEBPAb	3	STAG2	2
MPL	3	NPM1b	5	RAD21	2
NF1	3	SMC3	2	FAM5C	2
ATM	3	CBL	5	EZH2	1

→, mutant spliceosome gene; sAML, secondary AML (MDS→AML). MDS data;⁹ sAML data;³⁰ de novo AML data.²⁶

^aNotable difference of incidence during MDS and sAML versus de novo AML.

^bDriver (Pan AML) mutations.