Table 5.
Prevalence of exposure factors linked to the home context in the study cohort
| BS | LE | PG | PI | TO | mean | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residence in areas with heavy traffic (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 35.6 | 24.8 | 33.6 | 22.9 | 53.7 | 34.2 | <0.001 a |
| Season II | 42.4 | 29.3 | 36.2 | 29.0 | 60.4 | 39.5 | <0.001 a |
| Residence in areas with heavy traffic of heavy vehicles (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 14.8 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 17.6 | 10.4 | <0.001 a |
| Season II | 11.6 | 5.4 | 7.7 | 5.2 | 17.6 | 9.5 | <0.001 a |
| Use of stoves (d/m) | |||||||
| Season I | 8.2 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 11.7 | 0.052 b |
| Season II | 11.7 | 7.1 | 13.3 | 3.0 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 0.081 b |
| Use of fireplaces (d/m) | |||||||
| Season I | 3.1 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 5.2 | 0.040 b |
| Season II | 1.3 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 0.221 b |
| Presence of smokers inside the dwelling (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 12.8 | 14.0 | 11.9 | 13.8 | 12.3 | 13.3 | 0.952 a |
| Season II | 12.0 | 12.8 | 11.9 | 19.0 | 12.3 | 13.5 | 0.142 a |
| Staying in closed rooms with smokers (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 0.981 a |
| Season II | 2.4 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 0.725 a |
| Frequent presence of the child in the kitchen during food cooking (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 19.2 | 14.0 | 14.5 | 17.6 | 20.3 | 17.1 | 0.271 a |
| Season II | 13.2 | 16.5 | 10.6 | 12.9 | 18.5 | 14.3 | 0.116 a |
| Cooking on the griddle/barbecue (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 62.4 | 56.2 | 56.2 | 59.5 | 48.0 | 56.5 | 0.027 a |
| Season II | 64.8 | 63.6 | 57.9 | 69.5* | 50.2 | 61.2* | <0.001 a |
| Use of solvents for hobbies (%) | |||||||
| Season I | 2.0 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 0.264 a |
| Season II | 1.6 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 0.508 a |
asignificance level by chi-squared test among frequencies in the various cities
bsignificance level by one-way ANOVA among average values in the various cities
*p-value <0.05 by chi-squared test between frequencies in the two seasons