Table 3.
Results from logistic regression: (N=6,206)†
| Variables | Rehabilitation therapy
|
Restorative nursing care
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient ± SE | OR (CI) | p-value | Coefficient ± SE | OR (CI) | p-value | |
| Regions | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
| North Atlantic vs Pacific | 1.29±0.11 | 3.65 (2.92, 4.55) | −0.13±0.09 | 0.88 (0.74, 1.04) | ||
| Southeast vs Pacific | 0.84±0.11 | 2.31 (1.86, 2.88) | −0.67±0.10 | 0.51 (0.43, 0.62) | ||
| Midwest vs Pacific | 0.17±0.11 | 1.18 (0.96, 1.45) | −0.29±0.10 | 0.75 (0.62, 0.90) | ||
| Continental vs Pacific | 0.08±0.11 | 1.08 (0.88, 1.34) | −0.21±0.10 | 0.81 (0.67, 0.99) | ||
| North Atlantic vs Continental | 1.21±0.12 | 3.37 (2.64, 4.29) | 0.07±0.10 | 1.08 (0.88, 1.32) | ||
| Southeast vs Continental | 0.76±0.12 | 2.13 (1.69, 2.69) | −0.46±0.11 | 0.63 (0.51, 0.78) | ||
| Midwest vs Continental | 0.09±0.11 | 1.09 (0.88, 1.36) | −0.08±0.11 | 0.92 (0.75, 1.13) | ||
| North Atlantic vs Midwest | 1.13±0.11 | 3.08 (2.47, 3.85) | 0.16±0.09 | 1.17 (0.98, 1.40) | ||
| Southeast vs Midwest | 0.67±0.11 | 1.95 (1.57, 2.44) | −0.37±0.10 | 0.69 (0.56, 0.84) | ||
| North Atlantic vs Southeast | 0.46±0.12 | 1.58 (1.25, 2.00) | 0.53±0.09 | 1.70 (1.42, 2.04) | ||
| Facility characteristics | ||||||
| Rural vs urban | −0.15±0.07 | 0.86 (0.74, 0.99) | 0.035 | Removed | ||
| Certified beds: per 100 beds | −0.30±0.04 | 0.74 (0.69, 0.80) | <0.0001 | −0.20±0.04 | 0.82 (0.76, 0.88) | <0.0001 |
| Resident/bed ratio | 0.35±0.25 | 1.42 (0.87, 2.32) | 0.17 | 0.40±0.23 | 1.50 (0.96, 2.33) | 0.075 |
| Resident/nurse ratio: per 50 points | −0.11±0.03 | 0.9 (0.84, 0.96) | 0.0016 | −0.12±0.04 | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0.0052 |
| Ownership: reference = non-profit | 0.05 | <0.0001 | ||||
| For-profit | 0.22±0.11 | 1.25 (1.01, 1.54) | −0.57±0.08 | 0.56 (0.48, 0.67) | ||
| Local government | 0.05±0.13 | 1.05 (0.82, 1.35) | −0.30±0.11 | 0.74 (0.60, 0.91) | ||
| Hospital based: yes vs no | 0.45±0.21 | 1.57 (1.05, 2.35) | 0.029 | −0.95±0.21 | 0.39 (0.26, 0.58) | <0.0001 |
| Deficiency score: per 70 points | −0.08±0.03 | 0.92 (0.87, 0.98) | 0.01 | Removed | ||
| Resident characteristics | ||||||
| Age, years: reference = ≥80 | 0.065 | Removed | ||||
| ≤64 | −0.19±0.09 | 0.83 (0.69, 0.99) | ||||
| 65–69 | 0.00±0.14 | 1.00 (0.76, 1.30) | ||||
| 70–74 | 0.16±0.12 | 1.18 (0.93, 1.50) | ||||
| 75–79 | 0.01±0.10 | 1.01 (0.83, 1.22) | ||||
| Female vs male | Removed | 0.20±0.15 | 1.23 (0.91, 1.65) | 0.18 | ||
| Education: reference = graduate degree | 0.10 | Removed | ||||
| <High school | −0.13±0.18 | 0.88 (0.61, 1.26) | ||||
| High school | 0.0004±0.18 | 1.00 (0.71, 1.41) | ||||
| Some college | 0.03±0.18 | 1.03 (0.72, 1.47) | ||||
| Bachelor degree | 0.20±0.21 | 1.23 (0.82, 1.85) | ||||
| Race/ethnicity: reference = all others | <0.0001 | Removed | ||||
| White | 0.41±0.15 | 1.51 (1.12, 2.02) | ||||
| African-American | −0.09±0.17 | 0.92 (0.66, 1.27) | ||||
| Marital status: reference = married | Removed | 0.08 | ||||
| Never married | 0.14±0.09 | 1.16 (0.96, 1.39) | ||||
| Widowed | −0.04±0.08 | 0.96 (0.83, 1.12) | ||||
| Separated or divorced | 0.17±0.08 | 1.19 (1.02, 1.39) | ||||
| Admission source: reference = acute care hospital | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Non-acute hospital | −1.10±0.08 | 0.33 (0.29, 0.39) | 0.17±0.07 | 1.18 (1.02, 1.37) | ||
| Nursing home | −1.22±0.10 | 0.30 (0.24, 0.36) | 0.50±0.09 | 1.65 (1.38, 1.96) | ||
| VA priority: high vs other | −0.21±0.13 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.04) | <0.0001 | 0.14±0.11 | 1.15 (0.93, 1.42) | |
| Comorbidity: numerical | −0.04±0.02 | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) | 0.056 | Removed | ||
| ADL at baseline: numerical | 0.04±0.005 | 1.04 (1.03, 1.05) | <0.0001 | 0.03±0.004 | 1.03 (1.03, 1.04) | |
Notes:
†
Covariates with p-value >0.2 were removed in the model during the backward selection.
Abbreviations: SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; VA, Veterans Affairs; ADL, activities of daily living.