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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Neurol. 2017 Feb;30(1):114–124. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000405

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Biological mechanisms underlying prenatal versus postnatal brain growth disorders. (Left panel) Prenatal brain growth disorders commonly arise from genetic causes associated with centrosomal abnormalities. Disruptions to centrosomal proteins may impact neuronal progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, neuronal migration, and DNA repair responses (reviewed in [7]). (Right panel) Conversely, postnatal brain growth disorders mainly arise from genetic causes associated with disrupted connectivity (i.e., elaboration of axons and dendrites, spinogenesis and maturation, synaptogenesis and remodeling, and gliogenesis and myelination). Postnatal brain growth disorders may also result from childhood neurodegeneration.