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. 2017 Mar 8;8:239. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00239

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Metallic nanoparticles adjuvanticity and its prediction capacity to generate T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 responses. To generate a cellular immune response, the NP must be able to be recognized by the host innate immune response and stimulate a sequence of events that will lead to the release of a specific milieu of cytokines and better antigen presentation (bottom arrow). In the top arrow is the immune response elicited by metallic nanoparticles to aid Th1 and Th17 generation. NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; CCL, chemokine ligand; CXCL, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MYD, myeloid differentiation factor; TCR, T cell receptor; Th, T-helper cell; TLR, Toll-like receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.