Table 1.

Levels (mean ± SD) of risk variables during childhood and adolescence by birth weight. The Bogalusa Heart Study

Variable	Childhood (4–11 years)		Adolescence (12–18 years)
	Low Birth Weight	Control	Low Birth Weight	Control
BMI (kg/m2)	16.7 ± 2.6	17.5 ± 2.9	21.6 ± 5.2	22.7 ± 5.0
Subsc. Skinfold (mm)	8.2 ± 5.1	8.3 ± 6.4	15.9 ± 10.0	16.0 ± 10.7
Syst. BP (mm Hg)	96.4 ± 9.0	98.6 ± 8.1	108.8 ± 9.1	105.2 ± 8.7
Diast. BP (mm Hg)	57.2 ± 10.2	58.7 ± 7.9	66.1 ± 8.0	66.4 ± 7.4
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	62.6 ± 23.2	52.8 ± 20.3	87.1 ± 29.0	83.2 ± 35.3
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	44.3 ± 22.6a	54.7 ± 17.4	49.9 ± 12.8	51.2 ± 11.5
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	76.0 ± 35.4 a	68.6 ± 37.6	99.5 ± 24.7	98.4 ± 24.3
Glucose (mg/dL)	79.7 ± 8.1	80.9 ± 9.7	85.4 ± 8.2b	81.6 ± 7.4
Insulin (μu/mL)	8.5 ± 5.7	7.4 ± 4.6	14.8 ± 7.5	13.2 ± 8.6
HOMA-IR	1.7 ± 1.2	1.6 ± 1.0	3.0 ± 2.4	2.7 ± 2.0

Difference between groups (adjusted for age, race, and gender), a: p = 0.05; b: p = 0.02

HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance