Table 2.

Summary of seroprevalence studies included in the systematic review by year of publication

Identification (references)	Year of publication	State	Study design	Sample sizea	Target antigenbc	Overall seroprevalence (%)	95% CI
Rodrigues da Silva et al. [34]	2016	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	545	PvMSP9-RIRII	58	53.86–62.14
					PvMSP9-E795/A808	32.5	28.57–36.43
Sanchez-Arcila et al. [30]	2015	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	279	PvMSP119	66	60.44–71.56
					PvAMA-1(Picchia pastoris)	63	57.33–68.67
Cunha et al. [28]	2014	Pará	Cross-sectional	1330	PfMSP119	25.6	23.25–27.95
					PfAMA-1	12.7	10.91–14.49
					PvMSP119	36.3	33.72–38.88
					PvAMA-1	32.5	29.98–35.02
Ferreira et al. [38]	2014	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	253	PvRMC-RBP1	47.1	40.95–53.25
					PvRBP1-23-751	60	53.96–66.04
Versiani et al. [41]	2013	Amazonas	Cohort	308	PvMSP1 (N-terminus)	35.4	30.06–40.74
Lima Junior et al. [33]	2012	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	276	PvMSP119	86.7	82.69–90.71
					PvMSP3-alpha	77	72.04–81.96
					PvMSP9	76	70.96–81.04
Kano et al. [29]	2012	Amazonas	Cross-sectional	432	PvDBP	49.5	44.79–54.21
					PvMSP119	86.7	83.5–89.9
Lima Junior et al. [32]	2011	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	282	PvMSP3-alpha	78	73.17–82.83
Souza-Silva et al. [40]	2010	Acre	Cohort	366	PvDBP	18.6	14.61–22.59
Lima Junior et al. [31]	2008	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	306	PvMSP9	74	69.1–78.91
Ladeia-Andrade et al. [27]	2007	Amazonas	Cross-sectional	812 778	PvMSP119	66.3d	62.93–69.43
					PfMSP119 (Saccharomyces cerevisae)	53.5d	49.96–56.95
Bastos et al. [18]	2007	Acre	Cohort	376	PvMSP119	54.3	46.29–59.34
Suarez-Mutis et al. [24]	2007	Amazonas	Cross-sectional	98	PvMSP119	46.9	37.02–56.78
Scopel et al. [25]	2007	Acre	Cohort	356	PfMSP-2 S20	28.1	23.43–32.77
					PfMSP-2 FC27	22.2	17.88–26.52
					PfMSP-2 AM89	7.3	4.6–10
					PfMSP-2 3D7	6.2	3.69–8.71
					PfMSP-2 FUP/CP	6.2	3.69–8.71
Nogueira et al. [39]	2006	Rondônia	Cohort	429	N-terminus–PvMSP1	35d	30.6–39.59
					PvMSP119	41.5d	36.93–46.21
Tran et al. [37]	2005	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	294	PvDBP	67	61.63–72,37
					PvRBP-1	66	60.59–71.47
Marcano et al. [15]	2004	Roraima	Cross-sectional	101	Pf blood stages (IFAT)	72.1	63.35–80.85
Alexandre et al. [26]	1997	Amazonas	Cross-sectional	241	PfR44	26.5e	20.93–32.07
					PfAg-T	57.7e	51.43–63.91
Arruda et al. [14]	1996	Pará	Cross-sectional	430	PfCS	44f	39.33–48.71
					Pf blood stage (IFAT)	68f	63.54–72.36
					PvCS	60.1e	55.42–64.68
					Pv blood stage (IFAT)	73.2e	68.98–77.36
Ferreira et al. [17]	1994	Rondônia	Cohort	50	Pf Exoantigens	30g	17.3–42.7
					Pf Somatic Antigens	40g	26.42–53.58
Oliveira-Ferreira et al. [16]	1992	Rondônia	Cross-sectional	1617	PfCS (Immunoradiometric)	5.9	4.75–7.05
					Pf Blood stage (IFAT)	49.2	46.76–51.64
Kremsner et al. [23]	1992	Acre	Cross-sectional	645	PvCS	17.3f	14.33–20.17
					PvCS (VK247)	4.8f	3.11–6.39
Jeffery et al. [19]	1975	Mato Grosso	Cross-sectional	4270	Pf and Pv blood stage (IFAT)	10.5h	9.58–11.42

^aSample size refers to number of participants for whom serology was determined

^bIf other serological methods were used instead ELISA, it is shown in parenthesis

^cIf other expression systems were used to produce recombinant antigens instead E.coli in fusion with histydine tag (His6) or Glutationa S-transferase (GST), it is shown in parenthesis

^dCombined cross-sectional surveys

^eAverage seroprevalence in all age groups

^fAverage seroprevalence for all cross-sectional surveys

^gResults shown for the last survey conducted

^hAverage prevalence for both antigens (P. falciparum and P. vivax blood stages) across four surveys