Table 1. Participant characteristics, n = 11 2.
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (range) | 15 (13–17) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 54 (48) |
| Female | 57 (51) |
| Transgender | 1 (1) |
| Hispanic | 14 (13) |
| Race | |
| American Indian | 1 (1) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 5 (4) |
| Black | 76 (68) |
| White | 23 (21) |
| Multiracial | 7 (6) |
| Parent study participant relationship to adolescent | |
| Mother/stepmother | 77 (69) |
| Father/stepfather | 21 (19) |
| Other guardian or family member | 14 (12) |
| Low-income household (<150% of Federal poverty level) | |
| No | 44 (39) |
| Yes | 68 (61) |
| Smoking status | |
| Never smoked | 83 (74) |
| Tried smoking | 15 (13) |
| Current smoker | 14 (13) |
| E-cigarette use | |
| Never used an e-cigarette | 83 (74) |
| Tried an e-cigarette | 12 (11) |
| Current e-cigarette user | 17 (15) |
| Parental education | |
| Less than high school degree | 9 (8) |
| High school graduate (or equivalent) | 24 (22) |
| Some college or technical school | 43 (39) |
| Associate's degree | 16 (14) |
| Bachelor's degree | 9 (8) |
| Graduate or professional degree | 10 (9) |
One participant was 18 years of age at the time of data collection but was 17 years of age during his parent's participation in the parent study. Demographics did not differ between pictorial and text-only warning arms, all p > .05.