Table 2.
Retinal haemodynamic and cardiovascular variables (RTVue)
| Gas provocation stages | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (, ) | 40, 38 | 50, 38 | 60, 38 | 80, 38 | 100, 38 | 300, 38 | 500, 38 | 500, 30 | P value |
| SBP (mmHg) | 119.32 (9.12) | 116.20 (6.56) | 116.07 (5.02) | 114.36 (8.72) | 115.58 (7.62) | 114.65 (8.46) | 116.47 (9.51) | 116.48 (8.38) | 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.94 (4.45) | 74.11 (6.46) | 76.50 (5.28) | 75.29 (6.84) | 77.60 (6.87) | 77.24 (5.14) | 78.43 (7.00) | 77.13 (5.28) | 0.044 |
| HR (beats min−1) | 86.34 (12.19)*** | 77.45 (8.82) | 76.87 (8.13) | 73.26 (7.83) | 71.22 (9.81) | 68.26 (7.72) | 68.54 (8.26) | 69.01 (8.40) | <0.001 |
| SaO2 (%) | 74.46 (2.61)*** | 84.08 (1.29)*** | 90.47 (1.82)*** | 96.41 (1.63)* | 98.34 (0.70) | 99.36 (0.40) | 99.51 (0.41) | 99.52 (0.45) | <0.001 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 90.40 (5.42) | 88.14 (6.00) | 89.69 (4.12) | 88.31 (6.43) | 90.26 (6.51) | 89.71 (5.61) | 91.11 (7.27) | 90.24 (5.50) | 0.005 |
| (mmHg) | 38.21 (0.45) | 37.90 (0.58) | 38.00 (0.56) | 38.56 (1.09) | 38.02 (0.85) | 38.25 (0.68) | 38.46 (0.94) | 29.90 (0.62)*** | <0.001 |
| (mmHg) | 40.81 (1.20)*** | 50.03 (0.81)*** | 60.03 (1.21)*** | 77.91 (2.90)*** | 100.10 (3.84) | 298.562 (8.31)*** | 494.48 (10.66)*** | 496.52 (12.08)*** | <0.001 |
| Sample size | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | – |
| Venous area (x 102 mm2) | 6.16 (0.83)*** | 5.85 (0.97)** | 5.58 (0.98) | 5.25 (0.88) | 5.12 (0.82) | 4.69 (0.82) | 3.96 (0.78)*** | 3.90 (0.82)*** | <0.001 |
| ∆ Area (%) | 21.38 (15.84)*** | 14.72 (12.91)** | 9.06 (12.39) | 2.80 (8.20) | 0.00 (0.00) | −8.50 (6.25) | −22.55 (8.64)*** | −23.68 (11.75)*** | <0.001 |
| Venous velocity (mm s−1) | 16.75 (3.10) | 17.90 (3.94)* | 14.74 (2.83) | 16.29 (3.84) | 15.07 (2.93) | 13.62 (2.33) | 12.73 (2.71)* | 12.64 (3.05)* | <0.001 |
| ∆ Velocity (%) | 11.61 (24.74) | 18.33 (24.42)* | 1.74 (12.02) | 12.51 (19.46) | 0.00 (0.00) | −8.14 (14.94) | −14.17 (17.52) | −15.60 (14.55) | <0.001 |
| Total RBF (μl min−1) | 60.00 (13.99)*** | 60.49 (14.05)*** | 48.75 (9.52) | 50.99 (12.72) | 45.88 (9.34) | 37.89 (7.05)* | 30.14 (8.11)*** | 28.98 (6.78)*** | <0.001 |
| ∆ RBF (%) | 33.35 (23.19)*** | 34.73 (25.57)*** | 10.18 (11.13) | 14.94 (17.19) | 0.00 (0.00) | −15.88 (15.51)* | −32.86 (18.66)*** | −35.05 (17.73)*** | <0.001 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; ∆, change. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 vs. standardized baseline (100 mmHg , 38 ).