Figure 4. Oncolytic and cytotoxic activities of recombinant strains VV-GMCSF-Lact and VV-GMCSF-dGF in vitro.

Cells were infected with recombinant viruses (0.001–10.0 PFU/cell) and incubated for 72h. A. – Percentage of viable cells (Y axis) was determined by an XTT assay where uninfected cells served as the control, showing a 100% survival rate. B. – The 50% cytotoxic dose (CD₅₀) was calculated for each cell line using the XTT assay. Statistical analysis included the results of three independent experiments. The CD₅₀ value of recombinant strain VV-GMCSF-Lact was significantly lower than of VV-GMCSF-dGF (p<0.05).