Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the participants in the PREDIMED-PLUS intervention trial (n = 5776).
| Total leisure time physical activity (min/day) | P ¶ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 15 | 15 to <30 | 30 to <60 | 60 to <120 | ≥ 120 | ||
| n = 861 | n = 817 | n = 1558 | n = 1695 | n = 845 | ||
| Age, years | 64.6±4.9 | 64.6±5.2 | 65.0±5.0 | 65.3±4.8 | 65.1±4.7 | .002 |
| Men, n (%) | 361(41) | 368(45) | 738(47) | 924(54) | 610(72) | < .001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 33.6±3.6 | 33.0±3.49 | 32.6±3.5 | 32.1±3.3 | 31.9±3.1 | < .001 |
| Weight, kg | 88.6±13.1 | 87.1±13.4 | 86.2±13.1 | 85.5±12.7 | 87.2±11.9 | < .001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 109.7±9.8 | 108.3±10.1 | 107.2±9.5 | 106.6±9.3 | 107.6±8.7 | < .001 |
| Married status, n (%) | < .001 | |||||
| Single or divorced | 119(14) | 121(15) | 207(13) | 196(12) | 96(11) | |
| Married | 642(74) | 597(73) | 1169(75) | 1323(78) | 692(81) | |
| Widower | 100(11) | 99(12) | 184(11) | 176(10) | 57(7) | |
| Education level, n (%) | .689 | |||||
| Illiterate or primary education | 437(51) | 400(49) | 779(50) | 841(49) | 443(52) | |
| Secondary education | 241(28) | 250(30) | 443(28) | 501(30) | 247(29) | |
| Academic or graduate | 183(21) | 167(20) | 336(22) | 353(21) | 155(18) | |
| Smoking habit, n (%) | < .001 | |||||
| Never smoked | 393 (46) | 392(48) | 721(46) | 751(44) | 305(36) | |
| Former smoker | 348(40) | 307(37) | 666(43) | 749(44) | 450(53) | |
| Current smoker | 120(14) | 118(14) | 171(11) | 195(12) | 90(11) | |
| Sedentary time, h/day | 5.4±2.6 | 5.2±2.5 | 5.0±2.3 | 4.6±2.1 | 4.3±1.9 | < .001 |
| TV-viewing time, h/day | 3.5±1.9 | 3.3±1.7 | 3.3±1.7 | 3.1±1.7 | 2.9±1.6 | < .001 |
| Habitual sleeping time, h/day | 7.0±1.3 | 7.0±1.3 | 6.9±1.2 | 7.1±1.2 | 7.1±1.2 | .232 |
| Leisure time physical activity, MET.min/day | 29.3±27.9 | 118.8±45.8 | 244.8±90.5 | 464.9±157.2 | 940.9±387.0 | < .001 |
| Current medication use, n (%) | ||||||
| Antihypertensive agents | 679(79) | 637(78) | 1216(78) | 1324(78) | 668(79) | .965 |
| Hypolipidemic agents 1 | 17(2) | 28(3) | 37(2) | 60(3) | 25(3) | .114 |
| Familiar history of coronary heart disease, n (%) | 152(18) | 135(17) | 274(18) | 255(15) | 154(18) | .188 |
| Prevalence of type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 276(32) | 269(32) | 499(32) | 520(31) | 268(31) | .825 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 138.9±17.5 | 138.6±17.9 | 139.2±16.9 | 140.7±16.7 | 141.6±16.5 | .055 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80.7±10.1 | 80.7±10.2 | 80.8±9.8 | 80.6±9.7 | 81.0±10.3 | .830 |
| Plasma fasting glucose, mmol/L | 6.4±1.8 | 6.4±1.7 | 6.5±1.8 | 6.4±1.7 | 6.5±1.7 | .598 |
| Plasma triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8±0.9 | 1.7±0.8 | 1.8±0.9 | 1.7±0.8 | 1.7±0.8 | .059 |
| Plasma HDL-c, mmol/L | 1.2±0.3 | 1.2±0.3 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.2±0.3 | 1.2±0.3 | .117 |
| Adherence to Mediterranean diet(score 0 to 17 items) | 7.7±2.6 | 8.2±2.6 | 8.3±2.7 | 8.7±2.7 | 8.9±2.6 | < .001 |
Data is presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; HDL-c, High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MET, metabolic equivalent of task.
1Hypolipidemic medication included use of fibrate agents. Pearson’s chi-square test for categorical variables and one-factor ANOVA for continuous variables.
¶ P-value for global comparisons between categories