Table 3. Percentage of advanced chronic kidney disease attributable to being overweight or obese at ages 40–79 in English primary care 2000–2014.
| Number of cases | Prevalence of BMI ≥25kg/m2 among cases | Hazard ratio (95% CI): BMI ≥25 vs. <25kg/m2 | Population attributable fraction (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Chronic kidney disease stage 4–5 | ||||||
| Men | 5495 | 78% | 1.50 | (1.41–1.60) | 26% | (22–30%) |
| Women | 5717 | 79% | 2.00 | (1.88–2.13) | 39% | (36–42%) |
| Overall | 33% | (30–35%) | ||||
|
End-stage renal disease | ||||||
| Men | 939 | 78% | 1.28 | (1.10–1.50) | 17% | (7–26%) |
| Women | 566 | 75% | 1.52 | (1.25–1.84) | 25% | (14–35%) |
| Overall | 20% | (13–27%) | ||||
BMI = body-mass index. CI = confidence interval. In this cohort, prevalence of overweight, obesity and very severe obesity in men and women were similar to levels observed in the recent representative Health Survey for England,[2,21] and the age structure between 40–79 years closely mirrored recent national Census data.[35] The population attributable fraction was calculated using the Stata punafcc function after Cox regression and adjustment for confounders (i.e., age, cigarette smoking and level of social deprivation).