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. 2017 Mar 9;11:63. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00063

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Copyright © 2017 Song, Pei, Yao, Wu and Shang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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NLRP3 inflammasome: structure and function. The NLRP3 inflammasome mainly consists of the cytosolic sensor molecule NLRP3, the adaptor protein ASC, and the effector molecule pro-caspase-1. The assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome results in caspase-1 activation. Activated caspase-1 subsequently leads to the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, as well as mediates a form of inherent inflammatory cell death termed as pyroptosis. ASC, apoptosis-related speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain; CARD, caspase activation and recruitment domain; GSDMD, gasdermin D; GSDMD-NT, gasdermin-N domain of GSDMD; IL, interleukin; LRR, leucine-rich repeat; NACHT (NOD), nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain; NLRP3, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat- and pyrin domain-containing 3; PYD, pyrin-only domain.