Table 4.

Impact of patient demographics, clinical factors, treatment complexity and complications on patient utilities used in the analysis

Characteristic	Utility score	References
Demographics
Diabetes diagnosis	0.817	[41]
Age (per 10 years)	−0.024	[42]
Sex (female)	−0.056	[41]
Duration of diabetes (per 10 years)	−0.010	[41]
Clinical factors
HbA1c (%)	−0.025	[55]
BMI (kg/m2)	−0.006	[41, 42]
Mild daytime hypoglycaemia	−0.00449	[44, 45]
Severe daytime hypoglycaemia	−0.05250	[44, 45]
Impact of treatment complexity
One injection/day vs. two injections at the same time/day (IDegLira vs. GLP-1 added to basal insulin)	0.015a	[55]
One injection/day vs. four injections/day including planning (IDegLira vs. basal–bolus)	0.109	[55]
Complications
Retinopathy
Non-proliferative retinopathy	−0.012	[41]
Proliferative retinopathy	−0.012	[41]
Macular oedema	−0.012	[41]
Severe visual impairment	−0.057	[41]
Neuropathy
Symptomatic neuropathy	−0.084	[42]
Peripheral vascular disease	−0.061	[42]
Amputation	−0.272	[42]
Nephropathy
Microalbuminuria	0.000	[42]
Clinical nephropathy	−0.048	[42]
Kidney disease, uraemia stage	−0.175	[42]
Macrovascular complications
Ischaemic heart disease	−0.052	[41]
Myocardial infarction	−0.022	[41]
Stroke	−0.111	[41]
Heart failure	−0.082	[41]

BMI body mass index, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1, HbA _1c glycated haemoglobin, IDegLira insulin degludec liraglutide, kg kilogrammes

^aThis difference was not significant in the analysis of Swedish patients and has therefore not been included in the analyses. However, the difference was significant in the analysis of Danish and British subjects, which included more subjects