. 2017 Jan 29;18(2):264. doi: 10.3390/ijms18020264

Table 2.

Concordance of alteration detections in ctDNA and tissue specimen in lung cancer.

Targeted Genes	Technical Approach		Number of Plasma Samples	Performance			Reference
Targeted Genes	Principle	Method	Number of Plasma Samples	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Concordance (%)	Reference
KRAS	PCR-based	COLD-PCR	82	95.7	94.9	95.1	[53]
EGFR	PCR-based	PNA-LNA	30	79.2	100	~80	[56]
EGFR	PCR-based	Therascreen	652	65.7	99.8	94.3	[96]
EGFR	PCR-based	PNA-adapted method	97	78.3	100	ND	[97]
EGFR	PCR-based	Cobas	32	50	69.2	60	[98]
EGFR	PCR-based	Cobas	238	75	96	88	[99]
EGFR	PCR-based	Cobas	110				[95]
del19/L858R				73.3	100	79.8
T790M				63.6	98.4	82.8
EGFR	PCR-based	Cobas	38				[68]
del19				86	100	89
L858R				90	100	97
T790M				41	100	57
EGFR	PCR-based	Therascreen	38				[68]
del19				82	100	87
L858R				78	100	95
T790M				29	100	48
EGFR	PCR-based	PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism	111	35.6	95.5	71	[100]
KRAS	PCR-based	PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism	120	77	95	93	[101]
EML4-ALK rearrangement	PCR-based	Taqman probes	32	21	100	66	[102]
KRAS	dPCR	Droplet-based	64	78	100	-	[14]
EGFR	dPCR	Droplet-based	73	-	-	74	[103]
EGFR	dPCR	Droplet-based	46	66.7	100	84.8	[104]
EGFR	dPCR	Droplet-based	38				[68]
L858R				90	100	97
T790M				71	83	74
EGFR	dPCR	Microfluidic-chamber-based	35	92	100	-	[105]
EGFR	BEAMing	BEAMing	44	72.7	-	73	[41]
EGFR	BEAMing	BEAMing	216				[67]
del19				82.3	97.5	-
L858R				86.3	96.5	-
T790M				70.3	69	-
EGFR	BEAMing	BEAMing	38				[68]
del19				93	100	95
L858R				100	93	95
T790M				71	67	70
EGFR, KRAS, BRAF	NGS-based	Deep sequencing	21	100	100	100	[43]
EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, ERBB2, PIK3CA	NGS-based	Deep sequencing	68	58	87	68	[71]
EGFR	NGS-based	Deep sequencing	288				[72]
del19				50.9	98	-
L858R				51.9	94.1	-
EGFR	NGS-based	Digital sequencing	50	-	-	97.5	[70]
Panel	NGS-based	Digital sequencing	165	85	99.6	99.3	[49]
EGFR	NGS-based	CAPP-Seq	43	95	100	91	[74]
EGFR, fusion	NGS-based	CAPP-Seq	13	85	96	-	[46]
EGFR	NGS-based	cSMART	61	71.8	70	90.5	[48]
KRAS, EGFR	NGS-based	Capture	31	-	-	71	[94]
EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA, fusion	NGS-based	Capture	39	68.5	100	78.2	[106]
EGFR, fusion, CNV	NGS-based	Bias-corrected	48	77	100	86	[50]
EGFR	Mass spectrometry	MALDI-TOF	31	80	52.4	61	[86]
EGFR	DHPLC		230	81.8	89.5	87	[87]
EGFR	Meta-analysis		3110	63	95.9	-	[107]

PCR, polymerase chain reaction; COLD-PCR, coamplification at lower denaturation temperature PCR; PNA-LNA, peptide nuclei acid-locked nucleic acid; ND, not done; dPCR, digital PCR; BEAMing, beads, emulsion, amplification, and magnetics; NGS, next-generation sequencing; CAPP-Seq, cancer personalized profiling by deep Sequencing; cSMART, circulating single molecule amplification and re-sequencing technology; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight; DHPLC, Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography; CNV, copy number variation.