7,8-DHF	7,8-Dihydroxyflavone
Aβ	Amyloid β-Peptide
AD	Alzheimer’s Disease
ALS	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
BAD	Bcl-2 Antagonist of Cell Death
BBB	Blood–Brain Barrier
Bcl-2	B-Cell Lymphoma 2
BDNF	Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
CBP	CREB Binding Protein
CREB	cAMP Response-Element Binding Protein
GPCRs	G Protein-Coupled Receptors
HAP1	Huntingtin-Associated Protein 1
HD	Huntington’s Disease
IGF-1	Insulin-like Growth Factor I
MDD	Major Depressive Disorder
MeCP2	Methyl-CpG Binding Protein 2
MSNs	Medium-sized Spiny Neurons
NMDARs	N-methyl-d-aspartate Type of Glutamate Receptors
p75NTR	p75 Neurotrophin Receptor
PD	Parkinson’s Disease
PKA	Protein Kinase A
polyQ	Polyglutamine
PTEN	Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog
REST/NRSF	Repressor Element-1 Transcription Factor/Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor
RGC	Retinal Ganglion Cell
RhoGDI	Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor 1
RIP	Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis
Shc	Src-Homology 2-Domain Containing Adaptor Protein
Shp-2	Src Homology-2 Domain-Containing Phosphatase-2
SN	Substantia Nigra
SNpc	Substantia Nigra pars compacta
STEP	Striatal-Enriched Protein Tyrosin Phosphatase
Trk	Tropomyosin-Related Kinase
TrkB-FL	Full-Length TrkB