Table 5.
Characteristics of 113 children with radiologically confirmed recurrent pneumonia from a university hospital in Italy.
| Clinical Feature | RP in the Same Area | RP in Different Areas |
|---|---|---|
| (n = 28) | (n = 85) | |
| Males (%) | 43 | 53 |
| Age at first pneumonia (years) * | 1.5 (0.1–6.0) | 0.2 (0.1–15.6) |
| Age at diagnosis of underlying disease (years) | 4.7 (1.0–11.8) | 6.5 (0.1–37.2) |
| Underlying diseases (%) | ||
| Middle lobe syndrome | 61 | 0 |
| Localized malacia | 11 | 0 |
| Congenital lung malformation | 21 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis | 7 | 0 |
| Primary immunodeficiency | 0 | 9 |
| Cystic fibrosis | 0 | 5 |
| Primary ciliary dyskinesia | 0 | 51 |
| Severe gastroesophageal reflux | 0 | 2 |
| Esophageal dysmotility | 0 | 5 |
| Pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome | 0 | 1 |
| Autoimmune disease | 0 | 2 |
| Vascular ring/sling | 0 | 2 |
| Unknown | 0 | 22 |
| Risk factors for RP (%) | ||
| Prematurity | 18 | 9 |
| Atopy | 25 | 27 |
| Tobacco smoke exposure | 29 | 36 |
| Over-crowding | 4 | 15 |
Values are expressed as median and range; * p < 0.001.